ATI RN
Questions of Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The Alveolar epithelium is lined with
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Non-ciliated Squamous epithelium. The alveolar epithelium in the lungs is composed of thin, flat cells called squamous epithelium. This type of epithelium allows for efficient gas exchange by providing a short diffusion distance. Ciliated epithelium (choice C) and ciliated columnar epithelium (choice D) are not found in the alveoli as they are more suited for moving mucus and debris in the respiratory tract. Ciliated squamous epithelium (choice B) is not a common epithelial type in the alveoli and is not as thin as non-ciliated squamous epithelium, making it less efficient for gas exchange.
Question 2 of 5
A class of immunoglobulins found concentrated in breast milk, and thus serve to passively and naturally enhance the specific immune system of a newborn is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: IgA is the correct answer. It is found in breast milk and provides passive immunity to newborns through breastfeeding. Step 2: IgD is mainly found on the surface of B cells and is involved in the activation of B cells. Step 3: IgE is involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections, not typically found in high concentrations in breast milk. Step 4: IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin in the bloodstream but is not typically concentrated in breast milk like IgA. Summary: IgA is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to provide passive immunity to newborns through breast milk, while the other choices do not serve this function.
Question 3 of 5
The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood is approximately
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 100 mm Hg. In arterial blood, the partial pressure of oxygen is typically around 100 mm Hg due to the oxygen-rich environment in the lungs. This value represents the pressure exerted by oxygen molecules in the blood. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the normal range of oxygen partial pressure in arterial blood, which is around 100 mm Hg. Option A is too low, option C is slightly below the normal range, and option D is slightly above the normal range. Therefore, B is the most accurate representation of the typical partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood.
Question 4 of 5
Hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is high is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: less than hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is low. When the 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) level is high, it binds to hemoglobin and decreases its affinity for oxygen. This results in easier unloading of oxygen to tissues. In contrast, when the BPG level is low, hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen is higher, making it harder to release oxygen to tissues. Choices A and C are incorrect because high BPG levels decrease hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen, making it less than when BPG levels are low. Choice D is incorrect because pH levels do not directly affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen in the context of this question.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following age-based changes is false?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because vital capacity actually decreases with age due to changes in lung elasticity and muscle strength. A is correct as aging causes the lungs to lose elastic tissue. B is correct as lung compliance changes with age. D is correct as respiratory muscles weaken over time. Therefore, only option C is false in the context of age-related changes in lung function.