The _______ acts like a lid to shut off the larynx during the swallowing process.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epiglottis. The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that covers the entrance to the trachea during swallowing to prevent food or liquid from entering the airway. This mechanism ensures that the food goes down the esophagus to the stomach instead of entering the lungs. The other choices, A: Trachea, C: Bronchi, and D: Alveoli, are incorrect because they are not directly involved in the process of shutting off the larynx during swallowing. The trachea is the windpipe, the bronchi are the main air passages into the lungs, and the alveoli are the tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs in the lungs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because using dishes without patterns and simple place settings can help residents with Alzheimer's disease focus on their meal. Complex patterns can be distracting and confusing for them. This approach promotes independence and reduces agitation during mealtime. Choice A is incorrect because presenting multiple types of food on the plate can overwhelm and confuse the resident, leading to decreased appetite and difficulty eating. Choice C is incorrect as withholding food until the resident is very hungry can lead to frustration, increased agitation, and may even result in malnutrition. Choice D is incorrect because serving steaming hot food can pose a burn risk to the resident if they have sensory impairments or cognitive deficits that prevent them from recognizing the temperature.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Having unprotected sex puts a person at a high risk for HIV/AIDS. This statement is true because HIV is primarily transmitted through unprotected sexual contact. It is important to practice safe sex to prevent the transmission of HIV. Choice A is incorrect because there is currently no cure for AIDS, only treatments to manage the virus. Choice C is incorrect as Standard Precautions should always be practiced to prevent the spread of infections, including with individuals who have AIDS. Choice D is incorrect as it is illegal to discriminate against an individual with HIV/AIDS in the workplace.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gurgling. Symptoms of respiratory distress often include gurgling sounds due to fluid accumulation in the airway. Decreased respiratory rate (B) is not typically seen in respiratory distress, as it usually involves rapid or labored breathing. Redness of the skin (C) may indicate other conditions but is not specific to respiratory distress. Apathy (D) is a non-specific symptom and is not typically associated with respiratory distress.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Develop new hobbies. This option promotes stress management by providing a healthy outlet for relaxation and enjoyment, distracting the mind from stressors. It encourages self-care and personal growth. Decreasing exercise (A) can lead to increased stress due to lack of physical activity. Multi-tasking (B) can actually increase stress and decrease efficiency. Talking to residents and their families (D) may not directly address one's own stress management needs.