ATI RN
Endocrine System Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
The action of ganglion blockers on the following items is essentially similar to atropine EXCEPT on:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Blood pressure. Ganglion blockers, similar to atropine, block the transmission of nerve impulses at ganglia. Ganglion blockers affect the eye, gastrointestinal tract, and urinary bladder by inhibiting parasympathetic activity. However, ganglion blockers do not have a significant direct effect on blood pressure regulation. Blood pressure is primarily regulated by the autonomic nervous system through the actions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, not solely at ganglia. Therefore, the correct answer is D because ganglion blockers do not directly influence blood pressure regulation.
Question 2 of 5
Which one of the following drugs can trigger severe bronchospasm in a patient who has asthma?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Propranolol. Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can trigger severe bronchospasm in patients with asthma by blocking beta-2 receptors in the lungs, leading to bronchoconstriction. Atropine (A) is an anticholinergic drug that dilates the airways. Isoproterenol (B) is a beta-agonist that relaxes the airway smooth muscles. Phenylephrine (C) is a sympathomimetic drug that constricts blood vessels, not airways.
Question 3 of 5
Hyoscine is one of the most effective drugs for preventing motion sickness, but may cause photophobia or blurred vision. Which is the most similar prototype drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Hyoscine is an antimuscarinic drug used for motion sickness. Step 2: Atropine is a similar prototype drug as it also belongs to the antimuscarinic class. Step 3: Atropine, like hyoscine, can cause photophobia and blurred vision. Step 4: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (A) are not related to antimuscarinic drugs. Step 5: Propranolol (B) is a beta-blocker and not an antimuscarinic drug. Step 6: Bethanechol (D) is a muscarinic agonist, opposite in action to antimuscarinic drugs like hyoscine and atropine.
Question 4 of 5
Which conditions would give the results shown in diagrams X and Y?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because diagram X shows an increase in oxygen concentration over time, which indicates photosynthesis occurring. In photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Therefore, the conditions of oxygen at 25°C and carbon dioxide at 25°C would support this process. Choices A, B, and D have incorrect combinations of temperature and gases that would not result in the observed increase in oxygen concentration in diagram X.
Question 5 of 5
Which statement explains why elements in the same group of the Periodic Table have similar chemical properties?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. Elements in the same group have similar outer electron configurations. 2. Outer-shell electrons determine chemical properties. 3. Having the same number of outer-shell electrons leads to similar chemical behaviors. 4. This is due to similar valence electron interactions in chemical reactions. Summary: A: Incorrect. Protons do not determine chemical properties in the same group. B: Incorrect. Neutrons do not affect chemical properties in the same group. C: Incorrect. Having the same number of electron shells does not guarantee similar chemical properties.