ATI RN
First Aid Cardiovascular Drugs Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The above figure represents the action potential of a Purkinje fiber. At which of the following areas on the succeeding graph do calcium channels close and potassium channels open, resulting in an outward current that leads to membrane repolarization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has Stage III essential hypertension. After evaluating the responses to several other antihypertensive drugs, alone and in combination, the physician places the patient on oral hydralazine. Which of the following adjunct(s) is/are likely to be needed to manage the expected and unwanted cardiovascular side effects of the hydralazine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
A client diagnosed with bipolar disorder has been taking lithium carbonate (Lithobid) for one year. The client presents in an emergency department with a temperature of 101°F (38°C), severe diarrhea, blurred vision, and tinnitus. How should the nurse interpret these symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct interpretation is D: Symptoms indicate lithium carbonate toxicity. The client's symptoms of elevated temperature, severe diarrhea, blurred vision, and tinnitus are indicative of lithium toxicity. Elevated temperature, diarrhea, and blurred vision are common symptoms of lithium toxicity, while tinnitus is also a possible symptom. These signs suggest the client's lithium levels are too high, leading to adverse effects. It is crucial for the nurse to recognize these symptoms promptly to prevent further complications. Other choices are incorrect: A: Symptoms do not align with those of consuming foods high in tyramine. B: Discontinuation syndrome typically includes different symptoms when stopping lithium. C: Tolerance would not manifest with these specific symptoms and acute onset.
Question 4 of 5
When asked how tricyclic antidepressants affect neurotransmitter activity, the nurse should respond that they:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because tricyclic antidepressants work by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, leading to increased availability of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. This helps to improve mood and alleviate symptoms of depression. A: Incorrect. Tricyclic antidepressants do not decrease available dopamine. C: Incorrect. Tricyclic antidepressants do not increase monoamine oxidase activity. D: Incorrect. Tricyclic antidepressants do not specifically increase the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid. In summary, tricyclic antidepressants primarily increase the availability of norepinephrine and serotonin, not dopamine, monoamine oxidase, or gamma-aminobutyric acid.
Question 5 of 5
A patient receiving risperidone (Risperdal) reports severe muscle stiffness midmorning. During lunch he has difficulty swallowing food and speaking, and when vital signs are taken 30 minutes later, he is noted to be stuporous and diaphoretic, with a temperature of 38.8° C, pulse of 110 beats/min, and blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg. The nurse should suspect _________ and should ______________.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). NMS is a rare but serious side effect of antipsychotic medications like risperidone. The patient's symptoms of severe muscle stiffness, difficulty swallowing, altered mental status, diaphoresis, fever, tachycardia, and hypertension are classic signs of NMS. Step-by-step rationale: 1. Severe muscle stiffness: characteristic symptom of NMS due to muscle rigidity. 2. Difficulty swallowing and speaking: indicative of autonomic dysfunction commonly seen in NMS. 3. Altered mental status: stuporous state is a hallmark feature of NMS. 4. Diaphoresis, fever (38.8° C), tachycardia (110 beats/min), hypertension (150/90 mm Hg): all signs of autonomic dysregulation and hyperadrenergic state in NMS. Summary of other choices: B: Anticholinergic toxicity -