The ability to access, comprehend, evaluate, and communicate information as a way to promote, maintain and improve health in a variety of settings across the life-course is defined as:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Health literacy. Health literacy involves the skills needed to access, understand, evaluate, and communicate health information to make informed decisions and promote health. This definition aligns with the ability to comprehend and utilize health information effectively. Health promotion (A) focuses on strategies to improve health outcomes, health advocacy (C) involves promoting health policies and practices, and health maintenance (D) refers to activities that sustain health, but these choices do not encompass the comprehensive definition provided in the question.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Participatory action research. Community health nurses should consider this type of research when assessing culturally diverse populations because it involves active participation from the community members themselves, ensuring their perspectives and voices are heard and integrated into the research process. This approach promotes culturally sensitive and relevant findings, leading to more effective interventions and solutions. A: Meta-analysis is not suitable for directly engaging with culturally diverse populations. B: Grounded theory research focuses on developing theory from data, but it may not prioritize community involvement. D: Random control studies on the entire population may not address the specific cultural nuances and needs of diverse populations.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Disaster Recovery. During the disaster recovery phase, activities aim to rebuild to predisaster or near-predisaster conditions and focus on enhancing community safety to reduce the risk of a recurrence of the disaster. This phase involves restoring infrastructure, services, and livelihoods while implementing measures to mitigate future disasters. Choice A (Disaster Vulnerability) is incorrect because this phase focuses on assessing the vulnerabilities of a community to potential disasters. Choice B (Disaster Preparedness) is incorrect as it involves planning and readiness activities before a disaster occurs to minimize its impact. Choice D (Disaster Response) is incorrect as it deals with immediate actions taken during and immediately after a disaster to save lives, protect property, and meet basic needs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary prevention. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of a disease. In this case, the CHN is helping children with asthma recognize early signs of worsening symptoms through peak flow meter use, enabling them to take action with a rescue inhaler. This intervention aims to prevent exacerbation of asthma symptoms, making it a secondary prevention strategy. A: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the onset of a disease through health promotion and education before it occurs. C: Tertiary prevention involves managing and reducing the impact of a disease that has already occurred to prevent complications. D: Both primary and secondary prevention do not apply in this scenario as it specifically targets early detection and intervention for those with an existing condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because antibodies to HIV are typically detected in the blood within 6 weeks to 3 months after infection, indicating exposure to the virus. This seroconversion period is when the body starts producing antibodies to fight the HIV virus. The presence of these antibodies in the blood is a key indicator of HIV infection, leading to a diagnosis of AIDS. Choice A is incorrect because a negative ELISA result does not diagnose AIDS, as it only indicates the absence of HIV antibodies. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific peak level of HIV antibodies required for diagnosis. Choice D is incorrect because a positive ELISA result alone is not sufficient to diagnose AIDS; clinical signs and symptoms must also be present.