ATI RN
Pharmacology Final ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The ability of epinephrine to cause hyperglycemia is due to;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ability of epinephrine to cause hyperglycemia is primarily due to its effect on alpha adrenoreceptors in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Epinephrine, acting through these alpha adrenoreceptors, inhibits the release of insulin from beta cells in response to elevated blood glucose levels. This results in decreased uptake of glucose by cells, leading to increased blood glucose levels, ultimately causing hyperglycemia. Other effects of epinephrine, such as vasoconstriction and increased heart rate, also contribute to the overall stress response, but the inhibition of insulin release through alpha adrenoreceptors is the main mechanism responsible for its hyperglycemic effects.
Question 2 of 5
Penicillin G has been prescribed for a patient. Which nursing intervention(s) should the nurse perform for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Penicillin G is a beta-lactam antibiotic that can cause severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Having epinephrine on hand is crucial for managing such emergencies. Collecting a culture and sensitivity before the first dose ensures the infection is caused by a penicillin-susceptible organism. Mouth ulcers are not a common side effect of penicillin, but monitoring for superinfections like oral thrush is important. Limiting fluid intake to 1000 mL/day is incorrect, as adequate hydration helps maintain renal function and prevents crystalluria. No particular interventions are required is incorrect, as penicillin requires careful monitoring for efficacy and adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
What assessment finding indicates to the nurse that timolol (Timoptic) has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Timolol and carteolol are available in an ophthalmic form of the drug for reduction of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma. A decrease in intraocular pressure would indicate it has been effective. Timolol can also be used to treat hypertension but an increase in blood pressure would indicate the drug was not effective. Reduced pulse rate and reduced angina would not be related to this drug, especially if it was given in ophthalmic form when very little of the drug is absorbed systemically.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the care plan with a patient using enteral nutrition (EN). Which interventions by the nurse are appropriate for this strategy? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking gastric residuals (A) ensures proper gastric emptying and reduces aspiration risk. Elevating the bed (B) prevents reflux and aspiration. Reporting absent bowel sounds (D) is critical, as EN is contraindicated in ileus. Feeding bags and tubing should be changed every 24 hours, not 3 to 4 days (C).
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is analyzing the laboratory studies on a client receiving dantrolene sodium (Dantrium). Which of the following laboratory tests would identify an adverse effect associated with the use of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dantrolene sodium is associated with hepatotoxicity, making liver function tests essential for monitoring adverse effects. Elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST) may indicate liver damage, requiring discontinuation of the drug. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are used to assess kidney function, while triglyceride levels are unrelated to dantrolene's primary adverse effects. Regular monitoring of liver function is critical to ensure patient safety during treatment.