ATI RN
PN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 1 Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
The 64-year-old patient has smoked since age 15 and has been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. What classification of adrenergic blocking antagonist would be safest for this patient to treat angina?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Beta1-selective adrenergic blocking agents have an advantage over the nonselective beta-blockers in some cases. Because they do not usually block beta2-receptor sites, they do not block the sympathetic bronchodilation that is so important for patients with lung diseases or allergic rhinitis. Consequently, these drugs are preferred for patients who smoke or who have asthma, any other obstructive pulmonary disease, or seasonal or allergic rhinitis. Nonselective adrenergic blocking agents block both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors exacerbating respiratory conditions by the loss of norepinephrine’s effect of bronchodilation. Nonselective alpha-adrenergic blocking agents are not used to treat angina. Alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking agents are not used to treat angina. The nurse should consider the patient’s medical history when selecting adrenergic blocking agents to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Question 2 of 5
Alendronate (Fosamax) is given to a client with osteoporosis. The nurse advises the client to?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alendronate must be taken on an empty stomach with a full glass of water to ensure proper absorption and to reduce the risk of esophageal irritation. The patient should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to prevent gastrointestinal side effects. Taking it with meals or at bedtime can reduce its effectiveness and increase the risk of adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is receiving digoxin 0.25 mg/day as part of treatment for HF. The nurse assesses the patient before medication administration. Which assessment finding would be of most concern?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low serum potassium levels can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Hypokalemia can enhance the toxic effects of digoxin on the heart, leading to an increased risk of serious dysrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. Therefore, a serum potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L is the most concerning finding among the options listed for a patient receiving digoxin therapy for heart failure. This finding should be addressed promptly to prevent potential cardiac complications.
Question 4 of 5
Which drug classes are considered first-line treatment for heart failure? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who has had an MI is taking a beta blocker. What is the main benefit of beta blocker therapy for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main benefit of beta blocker therapy for a patient who has had a myocardial infarction (MI) is the slowing of the heart rate. Beta blockers work by blocking the action of adrenaline on beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, which results in a decrease in heart rate. By slowing the heart rate, beta blockers help reduce the workload of the heart and decrease oxygen demand, which is beneficial in patients post-MI. This can help improve the heart's efficiency, decrease the risk of arrhythmias, and improve outcomes in patients with a history of MI. Vasodilation of the coronary arteries (choice A) is not the main mechanism of action of beta blockers. Increased force of cardiac contraction (choice B) is not a desired effect post-MI as it can increase oxygen demand and potentially worsen the patient's condition. Maintaining adequate blood pressure (choice D) can be a secondary benefit of beta