Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The 5's strategy to prevent dengue infection includes Search and Destroy mosquito breeding places, seek early consultation at the nearest health care facility, say no to fogging spraying, and misting in hot spot areas. While using mosquito repellent on exposed skin is a common preventive measure against mosquito bites, applying it all over your body is not included in the official 5's strategy for dengue prevention. The focus of the 5's strategy is on eliminating mosquito breeding sites, seeking medical advice early in case of symptoms, and avoiding certain mosquito control methods like fogging in hot spot areas.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presentation of chest pain, dyspnea, hypotension, right ventricular dilation, and hypokinesis on echocardiogram is highly suggestive of a pulmonary embolism. In pulmonary embolism, a blood clot obstructs the pulmonary artery or one of its branches, leading to increased pressure in the right ventricle, which can cause right ventricular dilation and dysfunction. This results in the classic signs of right heart strain on echocardiogram. The patient may also present with symptoms of acute right heart failure, such as chest pain, dyspnea, and signs of hypotension. It is crucial to consider pulmonary embolism as a potential cause of these symptoms, given the high morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In-service training programs are specifically designed to provide continuing education and professional development for employees within a particular organization, in this case, a hospital. These programs are tailored to meet the needs of the staff and enhance their skills and knowledge within their work environment. Since the CPD program in the tertiary hospital is aimed at enriching and supporting the growth of the nurses' knowledge and expertise within the hospital setting, it falls under the category of an in-service training program.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: If the nurse observes an unusual odor emanating from the surgical site during surgery, it is important to inform the surgeon immediately and assess for signs of infection. Changes in odor can sometimes be an early sign of infection, which requires prompt attention and intervention. By communicating with the surgeon and conducting a thorough assessment, the nurse can help ensure the timely detection and management of any potential complications, such as infection, that may be affecting the patient's surgical outcome. Prompt action in response to unusual observations is crucial to maintaining patient safety and well-being during surgical procedures.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most appropriate intervention for managing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is to administer combination antibiotic therapy targeting the specific resistant pathogens identified in the patient's culture results. MDROs are often resistant to multiple antibiotics, so combination therapy is required to maximize the chances of effectively treating the infection. Identifying the specific pathogens causing the VAP through cultures is crucial in tailoring the antibiotic therapy to target these organisms effectively. Implementing appropriate antibiotic therapy promptly is essential to improve outcomes and prevent further complications in patients with VAP caused by MDROs. Option A is the priority intervention in this case to address the multidrug-resistant nature of the infection and provide targeted treatment for the patient.