ATI RN
Questions About the Nervous System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The 12 pairs of nerves that emerge from the brain and primarily serve the head and neck.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cranial nerves are 12 pairs emerging from the brain, serving head and neck functions. Synapse is a junction, gray matter is CNS tissue, and neuropathy is a disorder.
Question 2 of 5
This multilayered lipid and protein covering, formed by Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes, around axons of many peripheral and central nervous system neurons.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The myelin sheath, formed by Schwann cells (PNS) and oligodendrocytes (CNS), insulates axons for faster conduction. Nerve is broader, neuroblastoma is a tumor, and neurons are cells.
Question 3 of 5
A neuroglial cell having a star shape that participates in brain development and the metabolism of neurotransmitters, helps form the blood-brain barrier, helps maintain the proper balance of K+ for generation of nerve impulses, and provides a link between neurons and blood vessels.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Astrocytes are star-shaped CNS glia supporting neurotransmitter metabolism, blood-brain barrier, K+ balance, and neuron-vessel links. Neuroblastoma is a tumor, axon terminals are neuron parts, and sympathetic is a system.
Question 4 of 5
One of a variety of molecules within axon terminals that are released into the synaptic cleft in response to a nerve impulse and that change the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A neurotransmitter is released from axon terminals into the synaptic cleft, altering postsynaptic membrane potential. Epinephrine is a hormone, neurology is a field, and sympathetic is a system.
Question 5 of 5
Neuron that conducts impulses from the brain toward the spinal cord or out of the brain and spinal cord into cranial or spinal nerves to effectors that may be either muscles or glands.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Motor neurons (efferent) carry signals from the CNS to effectors (muscles, glands). Synapse is a junction, interneurons connect neurons, and sensory neurons are afferent.