Teaching a woman about breast self-examination is an example of what broad aim of nursing?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: preventing illness. Teaching breast self-examination helps in early detection of breast abnormalities, leading to early diagnosis and treatment, thus preventing the development of serious illnesses like breast cancer. Promoting health (A) focuses on enhancing overall well-being and preventing diseases, but breast self-examination specifically targets illness prevention. Restoring health (C) involves interventions to return an individual to their optimal state of health after illness, not preventing illness. Facilitating coping with disability and death (D) involves supporting individuals dealing with existing health challenges, not necessarily preventing future illnesses.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why option A is correct: 1. Evidence-based practice is a problem-solving approach as it involves identifying, critically evaluating, and applying the best available evidence to make informed decisions. 2. By using a systematic problem-solving approach, practitioners can integrate research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values to deliver optimal care. 3. This approach helps healthcare professionals make decisions based on the most current and relevant evidence, leading to improved patient outcomes. 4. Options B, C, and D are incorrect: - Option B: While evidence-based practice uses the best evidence available, it is not the only defining characteristic. - Option C: Acceptance in clinical practice may vary, as evidence-based practice requires critical appraisal of evidence rather than blind acceptance. - Option D: Evidence-based practice is not solely based on institutional protocols but on a broader range of evidence sources.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer, B, is the best illustration of the effect of self-concept on health and illness because it demonstrates a negative self-perception that can hinder motivation for positive change. The statement reflects a defeatist attitude and lack of belief in the possibility of improvement, which can lead to a cycle of poor self-care habits and negative health outcomes. A: This statement focuses on external factors as the reason for not prioritizing health, rather than internal self-perception. C: This statement compares oneself to others and reflects more on external appearance rather than personal self-concept. D: This statement suggests external validation from others as the reason for maintaining the current weight, rather than self-perception influencing health decisions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because providing information for a patient to participate in planning their care demonstrates altruism, as it involves selfless concern for the well-being of the patient. By empowering the patient to make informed decisions, the nurse shows a commitment to the patient's autonomy and dignity. Choices A, B, and D do not directly demonstrate altruism. A is about meeting a patient's language needs, B is about addressing pain management, and D is about confidentiality. While these actions are important, they do not specifically align with the professional value of altruism.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The legal source of rules for nurses is the Nurse Practice Acts. These acts are state laws that define the scope of nursing practice and set standards for licensure. They outline the legal duties and responsibilities of nurses. Choice A, agency policies, and protocols are internal rules and do not have the same legal authority. Choice B, the US Constitution, does not specifically regulate nursing practice. Choice C, the American Nurses Association, provides guidelines and standards but does not have the force of law like Nurse Practice Acts. Therefore, the correct answer is D because it is the primary legal source governing nursing practice.