ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is often characterized by periods of smoldering disease or quiescence followed by flare and active disease. All the following lab tests correlate with active disease EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), periods of smoldering disease or quiescence are common, alternating with flare-ups of active disease. When the disease is active, certain lab tests reflect this increased disease activity. Option A, the anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) titer, is not specific to active disease in SLE. ANA can be positive even during periods of quiescence. However, options B, C, and D are indicative of active disease in SLE. Option B, anti-double-stranded DNA level, is specific to SLE and is often elevated during disease flares. Option C, low complement levels, and option D, high ESR, are also markers of inflammation and are elevated during active disease states in SLE. Understanding these lab tests and their significance in SLE is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with this condition. Recognizing the patterns of these lab results can help healthcare providers monitor disease activity, adjust treatment plans, and improve outcomes for pediatric patients with SLE.
Question 2 of 5
Of the following, the MOST appropriate therapy for a child with a small solitary coronary artery aneurysm is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the case of a child with a small solitary coronary artery aneurysm, the most appropriate therapy is option A) aspirin for 6 months. This is the correct choice because aspirin is commonly used in treating coronary artery aneurysms to prevent blood clots from forming within the aneurysm. Option B) life-long aspirin may not be necessary for a small solitary coronary artery aneurysm, as the duration of therapy should be guided by the size and stability of the aneurysm. Option C) IVIG and aspirin for 14 days is more commonly used in Kawasaki disease, which presents with coronary artery aneurysms but is not the first-line therapy for a small solitary aneurysm. Option D) aspirin and clopidogrel antiplatelet for 8 weeks may be excessive for a small solitary coronary artery aneurysm and is not the recommended standard of care. In an educational context, it is crucial for pediatric nurses to understand the appropriate management of coronary artery aneurysms in children. This question highlights the importance of evidence-based practice and individualized treatment plans based on the specific clinical scenario. Nurses must be knowledgeable about the rationale behind different treatment options to provide safe and effective care to pediatric patients with cardiac conditions.
Question 3 of 5
The MOST reported type of child abuse in USA is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) neglect. Neglect is the most reported type of child abuse in the USA for several reasons. Neglect involves failing to provide for a child's basic needs such as food, shelter, clothing, education, and medical care. It can be easier to identify and report compared to other forms of abuse as signs of neglect are often more visible. Furthermore, neglect is more common than other types of abuse due to various factors such as poverty, lack of education, substance abuse, and mental health issues in families. Physical abuse (option B) involves intentional harm or injury to a child and may leave visible marks such as bruises or broken bones. Sexual abuse (option C) involves any sexual activity with a child and can be difficult to detect as it often occurs in secrecy. Psychological maltreatment (option D) includes emotional abuse, which can have long-lasting effects on a child's mental health and well-being. In an educational context, it is crucial for pediatric nurses to be able to recognize and report all forms of child abuse, including neglect. Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of different types of abuse helps nurses advocate for the well-being of their pediatric patients and work towards preventing further harm. By being knowledgeable about the signs and reporting procedures for child abuse, pediatric nurses play a vital role in protecting vulnerable children and promoting their safety and welfare.
Question 4 of 5
Approaching to a child with failure to thrive based on signs and symptoms. Of the following, the MOST common cause behind a child has spitting, vomiting, and food refusal is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) gastroesophageal reflux. When a child presents with signs such as spitting, vomiting, and food refusal, gastroesophageal reflux is the most common cause. Gastroesophageal reflux occurs when the contents of the stomach flow back into the esophagus, leading to symptoms like regurgitation, vomiting, and feeding difficulties. In pediatric nursing, it is important to recognize these signs as they can indicate a common condition that requires appropriate management and treatment. Option B) chronic tonsillitis is incorrect as it typically presents with symptoms related to the tonsils such as sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and enlarged tonsils. While chronic tonsillitis can lead to feeding problems, it is not the most common cause of spitting, vomiting, and food refusal in children. Option C) food allergies can present with symptoms like vomiting and food refusal, but they are usually accompanied by other symptoms such as skin rashes, hives, or respiratory symptoms. Food allergies may not always manifest with spitting, which makes it less likely to be the cause in this scenario. Option D) eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic immune-mediated condition of the esophagus that can cause feeding difficulties and vomiting in children. However, it is less common than gastroesophageal reflux as a cause of spitting, vomiting, and food refusal in pediatric patients. In pediatric nursing practice, understanding the common causes of feeding difficulties in children is crucial for early identification and appropriate management. Gastroesophageal reflux is a frequent condition in pediatric patients presenting with these symptoms, making it essential for nurses to be knowledgeable about its signs, symptoms, and management strategies.
Question 5 of 5
The death of the infant described in Question 5 could have been prevented by which one of the following measures?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the case of preventing the death of an infant, administering AquaMEPHYTON (vitamin K) at birth is the correct answer. This is because vitamin K deficiency can lead to a serious condition called Hemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn (HDN), which can result in life-threatening bleeding. Administering vitamin K at birth helps prevent this deficiency and subsequent complications. Home-visitor services (Option B) may be beneficial for overall infant health and well-being but would not directly prevent the specific condition related to vitamin K deficiency. Discontinuing antibiotics (Option C) or ensuring the proper use of an infant seat (Option D) are not relevant to preventing vitamin K deficiency-related complications. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers, especially pediatric nurses, to be well-versed in the importance of administering vitamin K at birth to prevent HDN. Understanding the rationale behind this preventive measure ensures that infants are provided with the necessary care to promote their health and well-being. This knowledge is essential for pediatric nurses to effectively advocate for evidence-based practices that can save lives and prevent avoidable complications in newborns.