Symptoms of opioid withdrawal begin 8-10 hours after the last dose.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Opioid withdrawal symptoms typically start 8-10 hours after the last dose due to the short half-life of opioids. This timing aligns with the onset of symptoms such as anxiety, sweating, and muscle aches. The other choices are incorrect. Choice B is false because the onset of opioid withdrawal symptoms does not occur immediately after the last dose. Choice C, All, is incorrect as it implies that all choices are correct, which is not the case. Choice D, Null, is also incorrect as it does not provide any relevant information regarding the onset of opioid withdrawal symptoms.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Prochlorperazine is a typical antipsychotic that also has antiemetic properties due to its dopamine receptor blocking activity. 2. Neuroleptics, like prochlorperazine, target dopamine receptors in the brain to alleviate symptoms. 3. Metoclopramide works by enhancing motility in the upper GI tract and has no direct relation to neuroleptics. 4. Nabilone is a synthetic cannabinoid used as an antiemetic, not related to neuroleptics. 5. Tropisetron is a serotonin receptor antagonist used as an antiemetic, not related to neuroleptics. Summary: Prochlorperazine is the correct answer as it shares the mechanism of action with neuroleptics by targeting dopamine receptors. Metoclopramide, nabilone, and tropisetron do not have this direct relationship with neuroleptics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Aglycone is essential for cardiotonic action because it refers to the non-sugar component of a glycoside molecule that possesses pharmacological activity. In cardiotonic action, the aglycone part of the glycoside compound is responsible for the therapeutic effect on the heart, making choice C the correct answer. Plasma protein binding (choice A), half-life (choice B), and metabolism (choice D) do not directly involve the aglycone component in the context of this question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sustac. Sustac is a long-acting nitrate drug that provides sustained release of nitroglycerin, leading to prolonged vasodilation effects. This is achieved through its formulation that allows for controlled and gradual release of the medication over an extended period of time. In contrast, options A, B, and C are short-acting nitrate drugs that are rapidly absorbed and have a shorter duration of action, making them unsuitable for long-term management of conditions requiring sustained vasodilation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Noradrenalin. Noradrenalin is a sympathomimetic drug that acts on alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, leading to increased cardiac output by increasing heart rate and contractility. Methyldopa (B) and Phenylephrine (C) are vasoconstrictors that can increase blood pressure but not cardiac output. Angiotensinamide (D) is not a drug commonly used to increase cardiac output.