Surgery to remove a tumor of the pituitary gland would involve the

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The pituitary gland sits in the sella turcica, a depression in the sphenoid bone. Surgery (e.g., transsphenoidal) targets this area, not the mastoid, pterygoid, or styloid processes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The femur (thigh bone) is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, supporting significant weight and muscle forces during movement. The cranium is a collection of bones, not a single bone, while the tibia and radius are shorter and less robust.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Carpals (wrist bones) are short bones, cuboidal in shape, providing stability and limited movement. The femur and radius are long bones, and the cranium comprises flat and irregular bones, not short ones.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The brain resides in the cranial cavity, a well-defined space within the skull formed by the cranial bones. 'Hole' and 'pit' are vague and not standard terms for this structure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Vertebrae increase in size from top (cervical) to bottom (lumbar) to support greater body weight and stress. Cervical vertebrae are smallest, thoracic intermediate, and lumbar largest, reflecting their load-bearing roles.