Surgery schedules are communicated to the OR usually a day prior to the procedure by the nurse of the floor or ward where the patient is confined. For orthopedic cases, what department is usually informed to be present in the OR?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Radiology department. Orthopedic cases often require imaging studies such as X-rays or MRIs before and during surgery. Radiology department needs to be present in the OR to provide real-time imaging guidance for the surgeon. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Rehabilitation department is not typically needed in the OR during surgery. B: Laboratory department deals with analysis of blood and other samples, not directly involved in orthopedic surgeries. C: Maintenance department is responsible for the upkeep of equipment and facilities, not required in the OR during surgery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the responsibility of the scrub nurse is to account for the number of sponges, needles, and supplies used during the surgical procedure. This is crucial for patient safety and to prevent any foreign objects from being left inside the patient. Explanation: A: Assessing the readiness of the client prior to surgery is typically the responsibility of the pre-op nurse or the circulating nurse, not the scrub nurse. B: Ensuring that the airway is adequate is the responsibility of the anesthesiologist or anesthesia provider, not the scrub nurse. D: Evaluating the type of anesthesia appropriate for the surgical client is the responsibility of the anesthesia provider, not the scrub nurse.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: respiratory alkalosis. In status asthmaticus, the patient experiences prolonged, severe asthma attacks leading to hyperventilation. Hyperventilation causes excessive removal of carbon dioxide, leading to a decrease in PaCO2 levels and respiratory alkalosis. The other choices are incorrect because metabolic alkalosis (choice A) is not typically associated with asthma attacks, respiratory acidosis (choice B) occurs with inadequate ventilation, and metabolic acidosis (choice D) is not a common initial manifestation of status asthmaticus.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Circulating Nurse. During surgery, the circulating nurse is responsible for coordinating activities outside the operating room, including communicating with the family. They ensure the smooth flow of the surgical procedure, handle documentation, equipment, and communication. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Orderly/clerk is not typically involved in coordinating activities outside the operating room. B: Nurse Supervisor focuses on managing the nursing staff and overseeing patient care within the unit, not specifically coordinating activities outside during surgery. D: Anesthesiologist is primarily responsible for administering anesthesia and monitoring the patient's vital signs during surgery, not coordinating activities with the family.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: An equal chance of selection. Random sampling ensures that each subject in the population has an equal probability of being selected for the sample, which helps in reducing bias and obtaining a representative sample. This increases the generalizability of the findings to the entire population. A: Being selected systematically does not guarantee each subject an equal chance of selection. C: Being selected based on set criteria is not random and may introduce bias. D: Having characteristics that match other samples does not ensure equal chance of selection for each subject in the population.