ATI RN
Caring for a Newborn who is Experiencing Complications ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Surfactant administration causes which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased surface tension with increased lung compliance. Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing alveolar collapse and increasing lung compliance. This improves gas exchange and reduces the work of breathing. A: Increased pulmonary vascular resistance is incorrect as surfactant does not affect vascular resistance. B: Increased cerebral blood flow is incorrect as surfactant primarily impacts the lungs, not cerebral blood flow. D: Increased blood viscosity is incorrect as surfactant does not alter blood viscosity.
Question 2 of 5
Which factor places the premature infant at greatest risk for retinopathy of prematurity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A premature infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia are at the greatest risk for retinopathy of prematurity due to the prolonged exposure to oxygen therapy, which can lead to abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina. This condition can cause vision problems or even blindness. Choices A and B are common risk factors for prematurity but do not specifically increase the risk of retinopathy. Choice D, not receiving erythromycin ointment at birth, is unrelated to retinopathy risk.
Question 3 of 5
The neonate is placed on the radiant warmer in the delivery room. Which nursing intervention would take priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Place temperature probe on the infant. This is the priority intervention as it helps monitor the neonate's temperature and prevent hypothermia or hyperthermia. Monitoring the infant's temperature is crucial for maintaining thermal stability. Placing pulse oximetry (choice A) is important but not as immediate as monitoring temperature. Placing leads (choice B) is not necessary for immediate thermal stability. Placing the infant in a polyurethane bag (choice C) is not recommended as it can increase the risk of hyperthermia.
Question 4 of 5
Which maternal risk factor places the high-risk neonate at greatest risk for developing sepsis after delivery?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, maternal fever. Maternal fever is a significant risk factor for neonatal sepsis as it indicates an ongoing infection in the mother which can be transmitted to the baby during delivery. Fever is a common sign of infection, and neonates are particularly vulnerable to sepsis due to their immature immune systems. Rupture of membranes at delivery (choice A) can increase the risk of infection but is not as direct a risk factor as maternal fever. The father having the flu (choice B) is not directly related to maternal risk factors. History of herpes simplex virus (HSV) treated with Valtrex (choice D) is a concern, but maternal fever has a more immediate impact on neonatal sepsis risk.
Question 5 of 5
A mother is taking methadone 85 mg. She has been told by her ob-gyn that her infant will not withdraw from this medication. At 3 days of life, the infant is jittery, inconsolable with poor feeding, and recent diarrhea. What is the most appropriate statement for the RN to make to the mother at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. The infant's symptoms (jittery, inconsolable, poor feeding, diarrhea) are classic signs of withdrawal from methadone. 2. The mother's methadone use during pregnancy can lead to neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in the infant. 3. NAS requires pharmacological intervention to manage withdrawal symptoms. 4. It is essential to inform the mother about the situation to seek appropriate medical care for the infant. Summary: A: Incorrect. The infant's symptoms are not just typical fussiness but indicative of withdrawal. C: Incorrect. The symptoms do not align with hypoglycemia, which would require different management. D: Incorrect. Colic and temperament issues do not explain the specific symptoms observed.