ATI RN
Drugs Affecting the Female Reproductive System Quizlet Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Sulfonylurea hypoglycaemics act by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increasing insulin secretion from pancreas. Sulfonylurea hypoglycaemics stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells by binding to ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization and subsequent calcium influx, triggering insulin release. Choice A is incorrect as sulfonylureas do not affect intestinal absorption of glucose. Choice C is incorrect as sulfonylureas do not reverse down-regulation of insulin receptors. Choice D is incorrect as only choice B is correct.
Question 2 of 5
Select the drug which tends to reverse insulin resistance by increasing cellular glucose transporters:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rosiglitazone. Rosiglitazone is a thiazolidinedione that works by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), which then increases the expression of glucose transporters on the cell membrane. This leads to improved cellular glucose uptake and utilization, thus reversing insulin resistance. Rationale: A. Glibenclamide is a sulfonylurea that stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas but does not directly affect cellular glucose transporters. C. Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that delays carbohydrate digestion but does not increase cellular glucose transporters. D. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that can worsen insulin resistance by increasing blood glucose levels through various mechanisms.
Question 3 of 5
Corticosteroids exert antiinflammatory action by inhibiting the following enzyme:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lipoxygenase. Corticosteroids inhibit the enzyme lipoxygenase, which is responsible for the production of leukotrienes, potent mediators of inflammation. By inhibiting lipoxygenase, corticosteroids reduce inflammation. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: A: Cyclooxygenase - Corticosteroids do not directly inhibit cyclooxygenase, which is the enzyme targeted by NSAIDs like aspirin and ibuprofen. C: Phospholipase - Corticosteroids primarily inhibit phospholipase A2, not phospholipase, to reduce the production of arachidonic acid. D: A - This choice is unclear and does not specify a particular enzyme. Therefore, it is not a valid answer.
Question 4 of 5
Dexamethasone differs from prednisolone in that it is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Dexamethasone is a long-acting glucocorticoid, providing sustained anti-inflammatory effects. Step 2: It is more potent than prednisolone, requiring lower doses for similar effects. Step 3: Dexamethasone is more selective, with higher affinity for glucocorticoid receptors. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is D, as it accurately describes the differences between dexamethasone and prednisolone. Summary: Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because dexamethasone possesses all these characteristics, making it a more effective glucocorticoid compared to prednisolone.
Question 5 of 5
For limiting cerebral edema due to brain tumour, the preferred corticosteroids are betamethasone/dexamethasone because:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Corticosteroids like betamethasone/dexamethasone are preferred for cerebral edema as they do not cause Na+ and water retention. 2. This is crucial in managing cerebral edema as fluid retention can worsen the condition. 3. Other choices are incorrect: B is not relevant to edema treatment, C is a common route for corticosteroid administration, and D is not the mechanism of action for corticosteroids in this case.