Sue has a mild dermatitis rash and asks for advice. You respond by saying

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option D) Use a mild steroidal cream. Dermatitis is an inflammatory condition of the skin, and the use of a mild steroidal cream can help reduce inflammation, redness, and itching associated with the rash. Steroidal creams work by suppressing the body's immune response that leads to inflammation, providing relief and promoting healing. Option A) Wash the area with an antiseptic soap frequently to keep the area clean is incorrect because while cleanliness is important, using an antiseptic soap can further irritate the skin and worsen the condition. Option B) Using an antifungal ointment is incorrect because dermatitis is not typically caused by a fungal infection, so this would not address the underlying issue. Option C) Using talcum powder to soothe the inflamed skin is incorrect because while talcum powder can help absorb moisture, it does not treat the inflammation associated with dermatitis. From an educational standpoint, it is important to understand the underlying pathophysiology of dermatitis to provide appropriate care. Teaching patients about the proper use of mild steroidal creams, along with factors that can exacerbate dermatitis such as harsh soaps or irritants, can help them manage their condition effectively. It is crucial for healthcare providers to stay updated on evidence-based practices to deliver optimal care to patients with dermatological conditions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct initial action by the nurse is to inform the neurosurgeon of the patient's status (Option B). This is the most appropriate response because the patient is displaying new symptoms following a head injury, indicating a potential deterioration in their condition. By informing the neurosurgeon, the healthcare team can promptly assess the patient's worsening status and determine the need for further interventions or treatments. Option A, continuing hourly neurologic assessments, is not the best initial action because the new symptoms of slurred speech and disorientation require immediate attention rather than waiting for the next scheduled assessment. Option C, preparing the patient for emergency surgery, is premature without further evaluation by the neurosurgeon. Option D, rechecking the patient's neurologic status in 15 minutes, delays necessary intervention and could lead to a critical delay in providing appropriate care. In an educational context, this question emphasizes the importance of timely and appropriate clinical decision-making in response to changes in a patient's condition, especially after a head injury. It highlights the critical role of communication within the healthcare team to ensure swift evaluation and intervention when a patient's status deteriorates. This case underscores the significance of prioritizing patient safety and advocating for prompt medical attention when needed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option D: "There is no peak time for Lantus." This statement indicates an accurate understanding of insulin glargine injection (Lantus) by the patient. Lantus is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady level of insulin over a 24-hour period without a pronounced peak time, unlike short-acting insulins. Option A, "Lantus causes weight loss," is incorrect because weight gain can actually be a side effect of insulin therapy due to improved glucose control and potential increased appetite. Option B, "Lantus is used only at night," is incorrect as Lantus can be prescribed at varying times depending on the individual's needs and healthcare provider's recommendations. Option C, "The duration of Lantus is six hours," is incorrect as Lantus has a much longer duration of action, typically lasting up to 24 hours. Educationally, it is crucial for individuals with diabetes to have a comprehensive understanding of their medications to manage their condition effectively. Understanding the characteristics of insulin types, such as onset, peak, and duration, is essential for proper dosing and timing to maintain blood glucose levels within a target range and prevent complications. Patients should be educated on the specific features of their prescribed insulin regimen to optimize their diabetes management.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Watson. Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring emphasizes the importance of caring in nursing practice. Watson believes that caring is central to nursing and that a caring attitude promotes healing and growth in patients. By choosing Watson, the nursing department aligns with a theoretical framework that prioritizes patient-centered care and holistic healing. Option A) Erikson is known for his psychosocial development theory, which focuses on stages of human development rather than caring in nursing practice. Option B) Maslow is associated with the hierarchy of needs theory, which emphasizes meeting basic needs to achieve self-actualization, but does not specifically address caring as a key element in nursing practice. Option C) Rogers is known for person-centered therapy in psychology, which emphasizes empathy and unconditional positive regard in therapeutic relationships, but does not directly relate to the concept of caring in nursing practice. Educationally, understanding and applying nursing theoretical frameworks like Watson's Theory of Human Caring can guide nursing practice, enhance patient outcomes, and foster a culture of compassion and empathy within healthcare settings. It reinforces the importance of integrating caring behaviors into daily nursing routines to provide holistic and patient-centered care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) How often do you check your blood sugar levels at home? The rationale for this choice is based on the patient's history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Blood sugar levels play a crucial role in wound healing for diabetic patients. Fluctuations in blood sugar can impair the body's ability to heal wounds effectively. By checking blood sugar levels regularly at home, the patient can monitor and manage their levels more effectively, which can positively impact wound healing. Option A) Are you eating enough carbohydrates in your diet? is incorrect because while diet is important for overall health, the specific issue related to wound healing in diabetes is more closely tied to blood sugar control rather than carbohydrate intake. Option B) Have you limited your exercise because of the wound? is incorrect as exercise, while important for overall health, may not directly impact wound healing in the context of diabetes as much as blood sugar control does. Option C) How much sleep are you getting at night? is incorrect as sleep is important for overall health but does not have a direct impact on wound healing in relation to diabetes as blood sugar control does. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of patient education in managing chronic conditions like diabetes. Nurses play a crucial role in empowering patients to take control of their health through self-care practices such as monitoring blood sugar levels regularly, which can significantly impact their health outcomes and quality of life.