Structures typically seen at the border between the renal cortex and medulla are

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Arcuate arteries/veins lie at the cortex-medulla border not interlobar (medulla), interlobular (cortex), or intralobular (misnomer). This locates junction structures, key for circulation, contrasting with other levels.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Filtration barrier includes fenestrated endothelium, basal lamina, and filtration slits none excluded. This confirms barrier components, critical for selectivity, contrasting with exclusion errors.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Proteinuria indicates filtration membrane damage not false claims: ~99% of glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed (not 50%), most nephrons are cortical (not medullary), and efferent arterioles are narrower (not wider) than afferent for pressure. This identifies a key diagnostic sign, critical for renal health assessment, contrasting with physiological errors.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In females, mesonephric tubules form epoophoron, paroophoron, and their ducts all vestigial remnants. 'All' includes these Gartner's duct precursors, critical for understanding female rudiments, contrasting with partial selections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Vesicourethral canal forms most of the bladder not whole (trigone from mesonephric ducts), prostatic urethra (partly sinus), female urethra (sinus), or all; 'most' fits. This specifies bladder origin, critical for development, contrasting with full scope.