ATI RN
Wongs Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Stefan was diagnosed with secondary vesicoureteral reflux; such condition usually results from which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Secondary vesicoureteral reflux is a condition where urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters and possibly towards the kidneys due to an underlying cause. In the majority of cases, it results from an infection in the urinary tract, particularly in the bladder. The infection leads to inflammation and weakening of the valves that normally prevent urine from refluxing back towards the kidneys. This condition is more common in children but can also occur in adults. Treating the underlying infection is essential to managing secondary vesicoureteral reflux and preventing complications such as kidney damage.
Question 2 of 5
In children diagnosed with sickle cell disease (SCD), tissue damage results from which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In children diagnosed with sickle cell disease (SCD), tissue damage results from local tissue damage with ischemia and necrosis due to obstructed circulation. Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin that causes red blood cells to assume a sickle shape. These sickle-shaped cells can adhere to blood vessel walls, leading to vaso-occlusion and impaired blood flow. This obstruction results in tissue ischemia and eventual necrosis, causing significant pain and organ damage. The chronic vaso-occlusive events in SCD are responsible for the development of acute and chronic complications seen in affected individuals, such as painful crises, stroke, and organ damage.
Question 3 of 5
A 5-year-old girl Hannah is recently diagnosed with Kawasaki disease. Apart from the identified symptoms of the disease, she may also likely develop which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kawasaki disease is an inflammatory condition that primarily affects medium-sized blood vessels, including the coronary arteries. If not promptly and effectively treated, about 25% of untreated cases can lead to the development of coronary artery aneurysms. These aneurysms can increase the risk of serious complications such as myocardial infarction and sudden death. Therefore, it is crucial to closely monitor and manage the cardiovascular complications in patients with Kawasaki disease, particularly the risk of aneurysm formation.
Question 4 of 5
The Andrews family has been taking good care of their youngest, Archie, who was diagnosed with asthma. Which of the following statements indicate a need for further home care teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is important to note that exercise should not be completely avoided for a child with asthma. Regular physical activity is beneficial for overall health and can help improve lung function in asthmatic individuals. Supervised and controlled exercise under the guidance of healthcare providers can be safe for children with asthma. Avoiding exercise altogether can lead to deconditioning and other health issues. It is important to educate the family on the proper management of asthma during exercise, such as using a rescue inhaler before engaging in physical activity. Therefore, this statement indicates a need for further home care teaching.
Question 5 of 5
The most common type of CP is :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common type of cerebral palsy, accounting for around 70-80% of cases. Spastic CP is characterized by stiff, tight muscles that can affect movement and coordination. This type of CP is caused by damage to the motor cortex of the brain, leading to increased muscle tone and difficulty with voluntary movements. Symptoms of spastic CP can vary in severity and may affect one or multiple limbs.