ATI RN
Wongs Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
Stefan was diagnosed with secondary vesicoureteral reflux; such condition usually results from which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Secondary vesicoureteral reflux is a condition where urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters and possibly towards the kidneys due to an underlying cause. In the majority of cases, it results from an infection in the urinary tract, particularly in the bladder. The infection leads to inflammation and weakening of the valves that normally prevent urine from refluxing back towards the kidneys. This condition is more common in children but can also occur in adults. Treating the underlying infection is essential to managing secondary vesicoureteral reflux and preventing complications such as kidney damage.
Question 2 of 9
The physician orders propranolol (Inderal) for a client's angina. The effect of this drug is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Propranolol (Inderal) is a beta-blocker medication that works by blocking beta stimulation in the heart. By doing so, it reduces the workload on the heart and helps to decrease the heart rate and blood pressure. This is beneficial in the management of angina because it decreases the oxygen demand of the heart muscle, thereby relieving chest pain. Propranolol does not act as a vasoconstrictor, vasodilator, or increase the heart rate.
Question 3 of 9
Decreasing level of consciousness is a symptom of which of the following physiological phenomena?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A decreasing level of consciousness is a symptom often associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). When the pressure inside the skull rises, it can compress and damage the brain, leading to a deterioration in consciousness. Common causes of increased ICP include traumatic brain injury, brain tumors, and infections. As ICP continues to rise, it can result in serious consequences such as brain herniation, which can be life-threatening if not promptly managed. Therefore, a decreasing level of consciousness should raise concerns about increased ICP and warrant immediate medical evaluation and intervention.
Question 4 of 9
A 5-year-old girl Hannah is recently diagnosed with Kawasaki disease. Apart from the identified symptoms of the disease, she may also likely develop which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kawasaki disease is an inflammatory condition that primarily affects medium-sized blood vessels, including the coronary arteries. If not promptly and effectively treated, about 25% of untreated cases can lead to the development of coronary artery aneurysms. These aneurysms can increase the risk of serious complications such as myocardial infarction and sudden death. Therefore, it is crucial to closely monitor and manage the cardiovascular complications in patients with Kawasaki disease, particularly the risk of aneurysm formation.
Question 5 of 9
One of the side effects of INH administration is peripheral neuropathy. To prevent this effect, Nurse Carlos teaches Andrew to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pyridoxine, also known as vitamin B6, is necessary for the prevention of INH-induced peripheral neuropathy. INH can lead to a deficiency of vitamin B6 in the body, which in turn can cause nerve damage and peripheral neuropathy. By supplementing the diet with pyridoxine, the risk of developing peripheral neuropathy as a side effect of INH administration can be minimized. It is an important preventive measure recommended for those undergoing treatment with INH to ensure the proper functioning of the nervous system and prevent nerve damage.
Question 6 of 9
A nurse is teaching high school students about transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which comment by a student warrants clarification by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to clarify to the student that donating blood does not put them at risk for getting AIDS. Blood donation centers follow strict protocols to ensure that donated blood is safe for transfusion, including screening for infectious diseases like HIV. It is admirable to donate blood as it can save lives without putting the donor at risk for acquiring HIV. It is crucial to dispel any misconceptions or fears surrounding blood donation to encourage people to participate in this important act of altruism.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse is caring for a patient, age 68, who is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.125 mg qd for cardiac myopathy. Which of the following assessments of the patient would indicate that he is experiencing a side effect of digoxin that requires follow-up?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anorexia, or loss of appetite, is a common side effect of digoxin. It can lead to weight loss, weakness, and fatigue. Monitoring for anorexia is important because it may indicate digoxin toxicity, which can be serious and require intervention. Skin flushing is not a common side effect of digoxin. Hypertension is also not associated with digoxin use. Constipation is generally not a common side effect of digoxin. Therefore, anorexia is the assessment that indicates a potential side effect of digoxin that requires follow-up.
Question 8 of 9
A worried mother of a 4-year-old boy describes attacks of inconsolable crying and prefers to play alone. The MOST appropriate action is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Further history is needed to rule out behavioral or psychological issues.
Question 9 of 9
What is the care priority for a newborn with bladder exstrophy and a malformed pelvis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Minimizing disturbances (clustering care) helps prevent infection and allows the infant to conserve energy before surgical repair.