ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Question Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Status epilepticus is a medical emergency that should be anticipated in any patient who presents with an acute seizure. It is defined as continuous seizure activity or recurrent seizure activity without regaining of consciousness lasting for more than
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Status epilepticus is defined as seizurlasting >30 minutor recurrent without recovery, per ILAE, requiring urgent treatment due to neuronal injury risk. Shorter durations (A-B) are prolonged seizures; longer exceed standard. Thirty minutclinical threshold makes C the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
A slowly progressive ataxia that involvthe lower extremitito a greater degree than the upper extremities. The Romberg test result is positive; the deep-tendon reflexare absent (particularly at the ankle), and the plantar response is typically extensor (Babinski sign). Of the following, the MOST likely cause of this ataxia is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Friedreich ataxia matchthis profile: progressive lower limb ataxia, absent reflexes, positive Romberg (sensory loss), and Babinski sign, from GAA repeat expansion. Ataxia-telangiectasia adds telangiectasia; abetalipoproteinemia lipid issues; Roussy-Levy tremor; Ramsay Hunt is unrelated. Friedreichs genetics make B the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
Excessive irritability and crying, unexplained episodof hyperpyrexia, vomiting, and difficulty feeding are the symptoms of the following neuro-degenerative disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Krabbe disease presents with irritability, hyperpyrexia, vomiting, and feeding issufrom galactocerebrosidase deficiency, causing myelin loss. Tay-Sachs , Sandhoff , and GM2 gangliosidosis show regression and seizures; metachromatic leukodystrophy later ataxia. Krabbearly signs make D the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
The imaging studiare usually normal in the following stroke-like disorders of children
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alternating hemiplegia mimics stroke but shows normal imaging, per diagnostic criteria, as its channelopathy-based. Metabolic errors , hypertensive , hypoglycemia , and HIE often reveal abnormaliti(e.g., edema). Normalcy in A makes itthe correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
The CSF leukocyte count in normal healthy neonatmay reach
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Normal neonatal CSF leukocyte counts can reach 30/mm³ , per studi(e.g., Pediatrics), higher than adults due to immature barriers. Lower counts (A-C) underestimate this; 30 is the accepted upper limit. This physiologic norm makes D the correct answer.