Starch is broken down to its disaccharide, maltose, by the enzyme

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: amylase. Amylase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down starch into maltose. It works by catalyzing the hydrolysis of the glycosidic bonds between glucose molecules in starch. Lipase (A) breaks down lipids, not carbohydrates. Maltase (B) is responsible for breaking down maltose into glucose. Lactase (C) breaks down lactose, not starch. Therefore, amylase is the correct enzyme for breaking down starch into maltose.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (P, Q, R, and S). P is correct because mechanical digestion does occur in the stomach through the churning action of the stomach muscles. Q is correct as cholecystokinin, gastrin, and secretin are indeed produced by enteroendocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract. R is correct because the pancreas, small intestine, and salivary glands produce digestive enzymes to aid in the breakdown of food. S is correct as mucous neck cells, chief cells, and parietal cells are all present in the stomach and play roles in the digestion process. Therefore, all options P, Q, R, and S are correct, making answer choice D the correct one.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Creatine primarily benefits high-intensity, short-duration activities by aiding in quick energy production through ATP regeneration. All-out sprints fall under this category, making creatine supplementation effective. In contrast, choices B and C involve longer durations where creatine's benefits are less pronounced. Choice D is incorrect as creatine has been shown to enhance performance in specific exercise scenarios.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct order for administering TPN through a central line starts with checking the solution for cloudiness or turbidity to ensure it's safe for infusion. This step is crucial to prevent potential complications such as infection or embolism. Aseptic technique (Choice A) is important but comes later after verifying solution clarity. Threading the IV tubing (Choice B) and connecting it to the central line (Choice D) should follow after ensuring the solution is clear. These steps are all essential but must be done in the correct order to prioritize patient safety and prevent adverse effects.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Cirrhosis of the liver. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to assess tissue stiffness, making it ideal for evaluating liver fibrosis in cirrhosis. MRE can accurately detect and quantify liver stiffness, providing valuable information about the progression of cirrhosis and guiding treatment decisions. Choice A, Gallstones, is incorrect as MRE is not typically used to diagnose this condition. Choice B, Pancreatic cancer, is also incorrect as MRE is not the primary imaging modality for this cancer. Choice C, Cholecystitis, is incorrect because MRE is not commonly used to diagnose inflammation of the gallbladder. In summary, MRE is particularly useful in assessing liver fibrosis in cirrhosis due to its ability to measure tissue stiffness accurately.