ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
SSRIs improve depression by which action? SSRIs:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: SSRIs make more serotonin available at the synaptic gap. SSRIs work by blocking the reuptake of serotonin, allowing more serotonin to remain in the synaptic gap, leading to enhanced transmission of signals between neurons. This increased availability of serotonin helps regulate mood and emotions, ultimately alleviating symptoms of depression. Choice A is incorrect because SSRIs do not destroy serotonin but rather prevent its reuptake. Choice B is incorrect as SSRIs do not block muscarinic and α1 norepinephrine receptors; they specifically target serotonin reuptake. Choice D is incorrect because SSRIs do not increase the production of acetylcholine and dopamine; their primary mechanism of action is related to serotonin.
Question 2 of 5
While monitoring a patient who had surgery under general anesthesia 2 hours ago, the nurse notes a sudden elevation in body temperature. This finding may be an indication of which problem?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The sudden elevation in body temperature post-surgery under general anesthesia is indicative of malignant hyperthermia (MH), a rare but life-threatening condition triggered by certain anesthetics. Here's why D is the correct answer: 1. MH is characterized by a rapid increase in body temperature due to uncontrolled muscle metabolism. 2. Common signs include tachycardia, muscle rigidity, and high fever. 3. Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications. On the other hand: A: Tachyphylaxis is a rapid decrease in response to a drug with repeated dosing. B: Postoperative infection would typically present with localized signs like redness, swelling, and purulent discharge. C: Malignant hypertension is marked by severely elevated blood pressure, not body temperature.
Question 3 of 5
A patient’s blood pressure elevates to 270/150 mm Hg, and a hypertensive emergency is obvious. He is transferred to the intensive care unit and started on a sodium nitroprusside (Nipride) drip to be titrated per his response. With this medication, the nurse knows that the maximum dose of this drug should be infused for how long?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 10 minutes. Sodium nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator used in hypertensive emergencies. It has a rapid onset of action and short half-life. Infusing the maximum dose for a longer duration could lead to excessive hypotension. Therefore, it should be titrated carefully, usually starting with a lower dose and increasing gradually. In this case, the nurse should monitor the patient's response closely and adjust the dose as needed every 5-10 minutes. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they suggest longer infusion durations, which could pose a risk of severe hypotension and adverse effects.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) therapy has a headache and calls the prescriber’s office to ask about taking a pain reliever. The nurse expects to receive instructions for which type of medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: acetaminophen (Tylenol). Acetaminophen is the preferred pain reliever for patients on warfarin therapy because it does not interfere with the blood-thinning effects of warfarin. Aspirin, ibuprofen, and opioids can increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin due to their antiplatelet or anti-inflammatory effects. Acetaminophen provides effective pain relief without affecting the anticoagulant properties of warfarin, making it the safest choice for this patient.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been taking antitubercular therapy for 3 months. The nurse will assess for what findings that indicate a therapeutic response to the drug therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a decrease in symptoms of tuberculosis, improved chest x-rays, and sputum cultures indicate a therapeutic response to antitubercular therapy. This shows that the medication is effectively treating the infection. A: The chronic cough being gone does not necessarily indicate a therapeutic response as other symptoms and tests need to be considered. B: Two consecutive negative PPD results do not directly correlate with the effectiveness of antitubercular therapy as they measure immune response, not treatment response. C: Increased tolerance to medication and fewer reports of adverse effects are positive outcomes but do not directly indicate the effectiveness of the antitubercular therapy.