ATI RN
Hematology NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Splenectomy in acute immune thrombocytopenia is indicated
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
A mother called you fifteen minutes after starting blood transfusion of her 3-year- old leukemia boy for a concern of being hot, examination showed alert and vitally-stable boy with a temperature of 39.8 C, his urine color is clear. Of the following, the BEST treatment option now is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
A 45-year-old woman is admitted to the surgical service with severe arterial insufficiency of the right second toe. She has no prior medical history and takes no medications. Physical examination findings are normal except for mild splenomegaly and signs of early gangrene in the right second toe. All pulses are full and equal throughout. Diagnostic testing results are shown in Table 9.Q2. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Extreme thrombocytosis (platelet count 1,300 × 10^9/L), mild splenomegaly, and atypical megakaryocyte clusters in bone marrow suggest essential thrombocythemia, a myeloproliferative neoplasm causing thrombosis (toe gangrene). Vasculitis (B) lacks hematologic findings. CML (C) typically shows Philadelphia chromosome, absent here. PMF (D) would show reticulin fibrosis, not seen.
Question 4 of 5
A 58-year-old woman with active rheumatoid arthritis presents with fatigue and joint pain. She received the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis 5 years earlier and has been taking prednisone 10 mg daily and methotrexate with folate weekly. She has had chronic fatigue and anemia. Her vital signs are normal. Her conjunctivae are pale, and she has active synovitis affecting both knees, her wrists, and elbows, with rheumatoid nodules on the extensor surface of her right forearm. The remainder of the physical examination findings are normal. Diagnostic testing results are shown in Table 9.Q7. Which of the following laboratory findings are consistent with this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anemia of chronic disease in rheumatoid arthritis features elevated hepcidin (cytokine-driven), elevated ferritin (iron malutilization), decreased TIBC (downregulated transferrin), and normal serum iron, as iron is sequestered, matching D. Other options (A, B, C, E) misalign with this pathophysiology.
Question 5 of 5
A 22-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after having 1 witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. She had appeared confused for the preceding few hours. On examination, she is febrile and appears slightly confused; otherwise, neurologic and physical examination findings are normal. Laboratory testing results are shown in Table 9.Q12, and the peripheral blood smear is shown in Figure 9.Q12. What is the most appropriate next step in management?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fever, confusion, seizure, anemia (hemoglobin 8 g/dL), thrombocytopenia (platelets 50 × 10^9/L), and renal dysfunction (creatinine 2.5 mg/dL) suggest thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Plasma exchange is the treatment of choice. Transfusions (A, B) don’t address pathogenesis; platelets (B) may worsen TTP. Gamma globulin (C) is ineffective.