Spirometry is a helpful objective measure of airflow limitation; it depends on the patient's ability to properly perform a full, forceful, and prolonged expiratory maneuver. Spirometry is usually feasible in children

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Spirometry is typically feasible in children aged 6 years and older, as younger children may struggle to perform the required expiratory maneuvers accurately.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The double-bowel wall sign is an early ultrasonographic sign of hydrops. The other findings are also associated with hydrops but may appear later.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Advanced life support (ALS) includes airway management, vascular access, fluid resuscitation, and defibrillation, but does not specifically focus on treating arrhythmias, which is a specialized intervention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct blood pressure cuff width should be about 40% of the arm circumference. For a mid-arm circumference of 15 cm, a 6 cm cuff width is appropriate.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: If one parent has allergies, the child's risk of developing an allergic disease is approximately 50% due to genetic predisposition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Chronic hepatitis is defined as persistent inflammation of the liver lasting 6 months or more, confirmed by elevated transaminases and histological findings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The third day of life is the optimal time for screening IVH, as this allows sufficient time for hemorrhage to develop while still being early enough for timely intervention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The recommended IV dose of adrenaline in pediatric cardiac arrest is 10 mcg/kg (0.01 mg/kg). This helps improve coronary perfusion pressure and return of spontaneous circulation during resuscitation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: CPAP is indicated when oxygen saturation cannot be maintained at lower levels, not necessarily >95%. The other statements are true regarding CPAP.