ATI RN
Questions in Epidemiology Questions
Question 1 of 5
Specificity of a diagnostic test is defined as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Specificity (B) is true negatives / (true negatives + false positives), ruling out non-diseased (e.g., 95% specificity = 95% healthy identified). A is sensitivity, C is NPV, D is an error.
Question 2 of 5
The main objective of primary prevention is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention (B) stops risk factors (e.g., anti-smoking laws). A is treatment, C is secondary, D is tertiary.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following criteria supports a causal relationship between exposure and disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Consistency (A) across studies (e.g., smoking-cancer) supports causality. B, C, and D weaken it.
Question 4 of 5
Chickenpox is associated with
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chickenpox links to Reye syndrome (aspirin use). A is false (low fatality, ~1/100,000). B is misstated (~1-2% congenital risk). C is false (rare reinfection). D is false (short prodrome).
Question 5 of 5
Correct statements concerning upper respiratory infections include which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Penicillin treats strep throat effectively. A (adenovirus, not paramyxovirus), C (true but not sole), D (viral, not just adenovirus) are off.