ATI RN
Urinary System Mcq Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Sodium is mostly reabsorbed by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sodium is mostly reabsorbed by primary active transport Na /K -ATPase pumps it from tubular cells to blood (e.g., PCT ~65%). Passive diffusion occurs minimally gradient-driven. Secondary active transport aids co-transport (e.g., glucose) not primary. Facilitated diffusion lacks energy insufficient. Active pumping distinguishes it, key to sodium gradient creation, unlike passive or co-transport mechanisms.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following changes tends to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased glomerular capillary filtration coefficient (Kf) boosts GFR enhances filtration surface/permeability (e.g., Starling forces). Afferent resistance increase lowers flow drops GFR. Efferent resistance decrease reduces pressure lowers GFR. Capsular pressure increase opposes decreases GFR. Kf's enhancement distinguishes it, critical for filtration capacity, unlike resistance or pressure shifts.
Question 3 of 5
When the urinary bladder becomes stretched, there's an increase in the frequency of action potentials traveling from?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bladder stretch increases action potentials from bladder to sacral region afferent nerves signal fullness (e.g., micturition reflex). Parasympathetic is efferent response, not trigger. Somatic motor controls sphincter not stretch. Ascending paths inform brain secondary. Afferent signaling distinguishes it, key to reflex initiation, unlike efferent or higher pathways.
Question 4 of 5
8-15% of water reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubule needs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 8-15% water reabsorption in the distal tubule requires ADH inserts aquaporins (e.g., facultative reabsorption). Aldosterone targets Na indirect water. Angiotensin II constricts GFR effect. Combined misaligns ADH drives water. ADH's role distinguishes it, critical for distal water control, unlike sodium or vascular factors.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is caused by ADH?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ADH makes the distal nephron (collecting duct) water-permeable inserts aquaporins (e.g., concentrates urine). Urea reabsorption is medullary ADH aids, not PCT. All nephron water increase overstates distal-specific. NaCl in descending limb is passive not ADH. Permeability change distinguishes it, critical for osmoregulation, unlike urea or broad errors.