ATI RN
Age Specific Considerations in Patient Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
Sleep terrors usually occur only once a night, during stages 3 and 4 of NREM sleep. They are often accompanied by which physical sign?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: None of the above. Sleep terrors are not typically accompanied by intense stress, sexual arousal, or increased physical strength. Sleep terrors are characterized by sudden awakening from sleep with intense fear and a physical reaction, such as screaming or thrashing. These episodes occur during stages 3 and 4 of NREM sleep and are not associated with the physical signs mentioned in the other choices. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as sleep terrors do not necessarily involve any of the physical signs listed in the other options.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with anorexia nervosa is at risk for refeeding syndrome. The nurse should be most concerned with:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypophosphatemia. Refeeding syndrome occurs when a malnourished individual receives nutrition too quickly, leading to shifts in electrolytes like phosphate, potassium, and magnesium. Hypophosphatemia is a key concern due to its potential to cause cardiac and respiratory failure. Hyperglycemia (A) may occur but is not the primary concern. Increased hunger and overeating (C) are common symptoms of anorexia nervosa but not directly related to refeeding syndrome. Rapid weight gain and hypertension (D) are potential consequences of refeeding but are not the immediate concern compared to electrolyte imbalances.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with an eating disorder states, 'Now that I've gained 4 pounds, I can't wear shorts until I lose it again.' The nurse documents that the patient is exhibiting which cognitive distortion related to maladaptive eating regulation responses?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Magnification. This cognitive distortion involves exaggerating the significance of a negative event, in this case, gaining 4 pounds. The patient's focus on this small weight gain as a major obstacle to wearing shorts reflects magnification. Superstitious thinking (B) involves believing in unrelated events causing outcomes, which is not evident here. Personalization (C) involves taking responsibility for events beyond one's control, which is not the case in this scenario. Dichotomous thinking (D) involves seeing things in black and white terms, which is not demonstrated in the patient's statement.
Question 4 of 5
A client with borderline personality disorder is having difficulty with memories of sexual abuse. She has a history of suicidal gestures, self-mutilation, sexual addiction, and substance addiction. She complains of vague pains, menstrual problems, and headaches. She entered the partial hospital program to prevent another suicide gesture or self-mutilation. The nurse recognizes that collaborative therapy may be helpful for this client and knows that the most useful collaboration in this case would be the client, the nurse, and the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Occupational therapist exploring ways to reduce stress. In this case, the client's symptoms and history suggest complex emotional issues related to trauma and addiction. Occupational therapy can help the client develop coping skills, manage stress, and improve functioning in daily activities. The therapist can work collaboratively with the client and nurse to address the client's emotional, physical, and social needs. Choice B: Physical therapist exploring ways to reduce back pain focuses only on physical symptoms and does not address the underlying emotional issues. Choice C: Acupuncturist exploring ways to reduce pain also only addresses physical symptoms and does not provide comprehensive support for the client's mental health. Choice D: Sexologist exploring healthy sexuality and safe sex is not the most immediate need for the client, as her primary concerns are related to trauma, self-harm, and addiction.
Question 5 of 5
Which is a hallmark characteristic of bulimia nervosa?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because bulimia nervosa is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as purging. Binge eating involves consuming a large amount of food in a short period, followed by feelings of loss of control. Purging behaviors like self-induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives are used to prevent weight gain. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because bulimia nervosa typically involves normal or fluctuating weight, not severe weight loss or excessive exercise to burn calories. Persistent restriction of caloric intake is more indicative of anorexia nervosa, not bulimia nervosa.