ATI RN
Pediatric Musculoskeletal Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
SJS is defined as epidermal detachment of less than 10 % of the body surface area, whereas SJS/TEN overlap has 10 % to 30 % and TEN has greater than 30 % body surface area involvement. Patients with Kawasaki disease have conjunctival injection and hyperemia of the mucous membranes but necrosis of the lesions does not occur; blistering, erosions, and severe crusting are not observed. The mucosal changes of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome are minor, and frank erosions are not present. The blistering of the skin is more superficial and favors intertriginous regions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is defined by <10% epidermal detachment, SJS/TEN overlap by 10-30%, and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) by >30%, distinguishing it from other conditions like Kawasaki disease or staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
A 20-month-old child presented with symmetrical genu varum. His height is on the 10^{\text {th}} percentile, weight on 25^{\text {th}} percentile with no dysmorphic features. His calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase were normal for his age with no abnormal radiological findings. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Physiologic bowlegs are normal up to 24 months with no metabolic or radiographic abnormalities.
Question 3 of 5
Polydactyly (extra toes) is usually found on the initial newborn physical examination. It may be associated with the following malformation syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is associated with polydactyly, among other features like broad thumbs.
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent athlete complains of an insidious onset of low back pain persisting over 6 weeks. The pain tends to worsen with activity and with extension of the back and improves with rest, the pain radiated to the buttocks. Of the following, the MOST likely cause is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spondylolisthesis fits the chronic, activity-related back pain with radiation and extension aggravation in adolescents.
Question 5 of 5
Matching: Fatigable weakness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fatigable weakness is classic for neuromuscular junction defects (e.g., myasthenia gravis), worsening with activity. Other conditions don't exhibit this pattern.