ATI RN
Basic Nursing Care of the Patient Questions
Question 1 of 5
Signs of approaching death include
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased urinary output. This is a sign of approaching death due to the body's organs shutting down, leading to decreased functioning of the kidneys and an inability to concentrate urine. Increased urinary output is commonly seen in the final stages of life. Choice A: Dry skin is not a specific sign of approaching death. It can be caused by various factors such as dehydration or skin conditions. Choice B: Rashy skin is also not a definitive sign of approaching death. Skin rashes can be caused by allergies, infections, or other skin conditions. Choice C: High blood pressure is not typically a sign of approaching death. In fact, blood pressure may decrease as the body weakens in the final stages of life. Therefore, the correct answer is D as it is a more specific and relevant sign of the body's decline in the final stages of life.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in the operating suite. Which outcome will be most appropriate for this patient at the end of the intraoperative phase?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The patient will be free of burns at the grounding pad. This outcome is crucial in the intraoperative phase to ensure the patient's safety. Burns at the grounding pad can occur due to improper equipment setup or malfunction, potentially leading to serious complications. Ensuring the patient is free of burns at the grounding pad indicates that proper safety measures were taken during the surgery. Summary: - Choice B (The patient will be free of nausea and vomiting) is related to postoperative care, not intraoperative phase. - Choice C (The patient will be free of infection) is important but not specific to the intraoperative phase. - Choice D (The patient will be free of pain) is also important but not as critical as preventing burns at the grounding pad during the intraoperative phase.
Question 3 of 5
A patient in cardiac arrest is being resuscitated. You identify ventricular fibrillation on the cardiac monitor. CPR is ongoing. What is the next immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct immediate intervention is to perform a defibrillation shock (Choice B). Ventricular fibrillation is a shockable rhythm, meaning it requires immediate defibrillation to restore normal heart rhythm. Defibrillation is the first-line treatment for ventricular fibrillation during cardiac arrest, as it aims to depolarize the heart and allow the normal pacemaker cells to resume control. Administering epinephrine (Choice A) is important but should follow defibrillation. Establishing an advanced airway (Choice C) and administering amiodarone (Choice D) are secondary interventions after achieving successful defibrillation.
Question 4 of 5
You are assessing a patient with an altered mental status and has a diabetic history. Which of the following would most likely indicate the patient is suffering from diabetic ketoacidosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient is showing signs of dehydration and metabolic imbalance characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis. Dry skin and mucous membranes, along with increased thirst and frequent urination, are indicative of dehydration due to high blood sugar levels. Hypotension could be due to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Shallow rapid respirations are a compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis. Choices A, B, and C do not align with the typical presentation of diabetic ketoacidosis, as they do not include the key signs of dehydration, metabolic acidosis, and electrolyte imbalances seen in this condition.
Question 5 of 5
Which complex, interval, or segment of an electrocardiogram tracing represents the early part of ventricular repolarization?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ST segment. The ST segment on an ECG tracing represents the early part of ventricular repolarization. It begins at the end of the QRS complex and ends at the beginning of the T wave. This segment reflects the time when the ventricles are preparing to relax and reset for the next cycle. The PR interval (B) represents the time for the electrical impulse to travel from the atria to the ventricles. The QT interval (C) represents the total time for ventricular depolarization and repolarization. The QRS complex (D) represents ventricular depolarization.