ATI RN
Questions On The Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Signs and symptoms of chronic rejection of the kidney are caused by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic rejection involves gradual vascular occlusion, reducing perfusion not recurrence (separate), T-cell attack (acute), or antibodies (hyperacute). This distinguishes chronic rejection's mechanism, key for long-term management, contrasting with acute processes.
Question 2 of 5
The Renal blood flow is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Renal blood flow (20-25% cardiac output) decreases with sympathetic stimulation (vasoconstriction), not 5%, medullary dominance, or universal BP effect (autoregulated). This distinguishes renal hemodynamics, key for stress response, contrasting with flow distribution.
Question 3 of 5
In macula densa, the changes include all of the followings EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Macula densa cells (DCT) have darker nuclei, cilia, and cuboidal shape for sensing not loss of basement membrane (structural integrity). This distinguishes macula densa's role, key for tubuloglomerular feedback, contrasting with structural loss.
Question 4 of 5
The anterior surface of the kidneys (either right or left) is related directly to the following structure without intervening peritoneum:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Right kidney's anterior surface contacts the liver (bare area) without peritoneum not pancreas, spleen, stomach, or colon (peritonealized). This distinguishes renal relations, key for surgical anatomy, contrasting with peritoneal structures.
Question 5 of 5
The gold standard investigation in the evaluation of Urolithiasis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Non-contrast CT (NCCT) is the gold standard for urolithiasis detects size, location, density (e.g., Hounsfield units) with high sensitivity, guiding management. MRI excels in soft tissue, not stones poor specificity. Digital tomosynthesis is experimental, less detailed limited use. Micro CT is lab-based, not clinical impractical. NCCT's diagnostic precision distinguishes it, critical for rapid, accurate stone assessment, unlike tissue, emerging, or research tools.