ATI RN
Hematological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Sideroblastic anemia may be treated by all except:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: hydroxyurea. Sideroblastic anemia is characterized by defective heme synthesis, leading to iron accumulation in mitochondria. Pyridoxine (A) can help in some cases by improving heme synthesis. Desferroxamine (C) is an iron-chelating agent used to remove excess iron. Androgens (D) can stimulate erythropoiesis. Hydroxyurea (B) is not used to treat sideroblastic anemia but is commonly used in conditions like sickle cell disease to increase fetal hemoglobin levels. Therefore, it is the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
Decrease iron &decrease iron binding capacity are seen in:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: chronic infection. Chronic infection leads to the release of hepcidin, which decreases iron absorption and iron binding capacity. This results in decreased iron levels. Recurrent GIT bleeding (A) and menorrhagia (D) lead to iron loss, resulting in decreased iron but increased iron binding capacity compensating for the loss. Intestinal resection (B) can lead to decreased iron absorption but not necessarily decreased iron binding capacity.
Question 3 of 5
Which is associated with prolonged bleeding time:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Von Willebrand disease. Von Willebrand factor plays a crucial role in platelet adhesion and clot formation. Deficiency or dysfunction of this factor leads to prolonged bleeding time. Choice A, polycythemia vera, is associated with increased red blood cell production but does not directly affect bleeding time. Choice C, antiphospholipid syndrome, causes blood clots rather than prolonged bleeding. Choice D, hemophilia, is a clotting disorder but does not necessarily result in prolonged bleeding time.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning the care of a patient who has been admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. In the patient's care plan, the nurse has identified a diagnosis of Risk for Injury. What pathophysiologic effect of multiple myeloma most contributes to this risk?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells, leading to bone destruction due to excessive bone resorption. Step 2: Decreased bone density is a common complication of multiple myeloma, increasing the risk of fractures. Step 3: Fractures due to weakened bones can lead to falls and subsequent injuries, supporting the Risk for Injury diagnosis. Summary: Choice C is correct because decreased bone density from multiple myeloma directly contributes to the patient's risk for injury. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not pathophysiologic effects associated with multiple myeloma.
Question 5 of 5
A patient diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia has just been admitted to the oncology unit. When writing this patient's care plan, what potential complication should the nurse address?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemorrhage. In acute myelogenous leukemia, there is a high risk of bleeding due to low platelet count and abnormal clotting factors. The nurse should address this potential complication by closely monitoring the patient for signs of bleeding, providing platelet transfusions if necessary, and taking precautions to prevent injury. Pancreatitis (A), Arteritis (C), and Liver dysfunction (D) are not commonly associated with acute myelogenous leukemia.