ATI RN
Hematological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Sideroblastic anemia may be treated by all except:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Hydroxyurea Rationale: 1. Hydroxyurea is not a standard treatment for sideroblastic anemia. 2. Pyridoxine (A) is commonly used to treat pyridoxine-responsive sideroblastic anemia. 3. Desferroxamine (C) is used to remove excess iron in iron overload conditions, not specific to sideroblastic anemia. 4. Androgens (D) may be used to stimulate erythropoiesis in certain types of anemia, but not typically for sideroblastic anemia.
Question 2 of 5
Decrease iron &decrease iron binding capacity are seen in:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: chronic infection. In chronic infection, the body's iron stores are depleted, leading to a decrease in serum iron levels and iron binding capacity. This occurs due to inflammation-induced hepcidin release, which inhibits iron absorption and recycling. Recurrent GIT bleeding (choice A) would lead to iron loss, resulting in decreased iron but increased iron binding capacity due to compensatory mechanisms. Intestinal resection (choice B) can also cause iron deficiency anemia but would not lead to decreased iron binding capacity. Menorrhagia (choice D) would result in iron loss but again would not lead to decreased iron binding capacity.
Question 3 of 5
Which is associated with prolonged bleeding time:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Von Willebrand disease. This is because Von Willebrand factor plays a crucial role in platelet adhesion and aggregation. A deficiency in Von Willebrand factor leads to impaired platelet function, resulting in prolonged bleeding time. The other choices, polythycemia vera (A), antiphospholipid syndrome (C), and hemophilia (D), are not typically associated with prolonged bleeding time due to different underlying mechanisms. Polythycemia vera is characterized by increased red blood cell production, antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disorder causing blood clots, and hemophilia is a genetic disorder affecting blood clotting factors.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning the care of a patient who has been admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. In the patient's care plan, the nurse has identified a diagnosis of Risk for Injury. What pathophysiologic effect of multiple myeloma most contributes to this risk?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased bone density. Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells in bone marrow that can lead to bone destruction and decreased bone density, increasing the risk of fractures and falls. Labyrinthitis (A) is an inner ear disorder unrelated to multiple myeloma. Left ventricular hypertrophy (B) is a cardiac condition not directly associated with the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma. Hypercoagulation (D) is not a primary risk factor for injury in multiple myeloma compared to decreased bone density.
Question 5 of 5
A patient diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia has just been admitted to the oncology unit. When writing this patient's care plan, what potential complication should the nurse address?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemorrhage. In acute myelogenous leukemia, the bone marrow produces abnormal, immature white blood cells, leading to a decrease in platelets and clotting factors, increasing the risk of hemorrhage. This complication is a priority due to the potential life-threatening consequences. Pancreatitis (A) is not directly associated with leukemia. Arteritis (C) is inflammation of arteries, not a common complication of leukemia. Liver dysfunction (D) may occur in leukemia but is not as immediate and critical as hemorrhage.