Side effects of aspirin include following:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because aspirin can cause gastric upset, salicylism symptoms like vomiting, tinnitus, decreased hearing, and vertigo, as well as gastric ulcers and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Aspirin is known to irritate the stomach lining, leading to gastric upset and ulcers. Salicylism symptoms are characteristic of aspirin toxicity. Gastrointestinal bleeding is a serious side effect of aspirin due to its effect on blood clotting. Choices A, B, and C individually describe common side effects of aspirin, but only choice D encompasses all the side effects associated with aspirin use.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Polar bear liver contains high levels of Vitamin A. 2. Excessive Vitamin A intake can lead to acute poisoning. 3. Symptoms of Vitamin A poisoning include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and even death. 4. Thus, ingestion of polar bear liver can cause acute poisoning due to Vitamin A overload. Summary: A: Vitamin D - Incorrect. Polar bear liver does not contain toxic levels of Vitamin D. B: Vitamin E - Incorrect. Vitamin E toxicity is rare and not associated with polar bear liver ingestion. C: Vitamin A - Correct. Polar bear liver is high in Vitamin A, leading to acute poisoning if consumed in excess. D: Vitamin C - Incorrect. Vitamin C toxicity is unlikely from consuming polar bear liver.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Gemfibrozil (Lopid) is known to be more effective at increasing HDL cholesterol levels compared to clofibrate (Atromid-S). This is supported by clinical studies showing a greater impact on HDL concentrations with gemfibrozil. Choice B is incorrect as it contradicts the established evidence. Choices C and D are also incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the comparative efficacy between Gemfibrozil and clofibrate in increasing HDL cholesterol levels.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Both Doxercalciferol (Hectoral) and Paricalcitol (Zemplar) are synthetic analogs of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. 2. Doxercalciferol is converted to calcitriol in the body. 3. Paricalcitol is a selective vitamin D receptor activator. Summary: A: Doxercalciferol is correct as it is a synthetic analog of calcitriol. B: Paricalcitol is correct as it is also a synthetic analog of calcitriol. C: Correct as both A and B are true. D: Incorrect as both A and B are commercially available analogs of calcitriol.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amiloride (Midamor). It is a potassium-sparing diuretic that blocks Na+ channels in the collecting tubules. Amiloride specifically targets the epithelial sodium channels in the collecting tubules, leading to decreased sodium reabsorption and potassium retention. Acetazolamide (A) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, Furosemide (C) is a loop diuretic that inhibits the Na+-K+-2Cl- symporter, and Hydrochlorothiazide (D) is a thiazide diuretic that inhibits the Na+-Cl- symporter in the distal convoluted tubule.