Side effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (calcifediol) is:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is D: All of the above. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (calcifediol) can lead to hypercalcemia due to increased absorption of calcium, pruritus as a potential allergic reaction, and GI toxicity including symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Each option represents a possible side effect of calcifediol, making choice D the correct answer encompassing all potential adverse effects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inhibition of bacterial cell division. Bacteriostatic effect refers to the ability to inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria without necessarily killing them. By inhibiting bacterial cell division, it prevents the bacteria from multiplying and causing further infection. This is different from choice B as it specifically targets cell division rather than just growth. Choice C is incorrect as it describes bactericidal effect, which involves destroying bacterial cells. Choice D is unrelated as bacterial L-forms are a specific type of bacterial cell variant, not related to bacteriostatic effect.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Resorptive sulfonamides are known to cause hematological adverse effects. Hemolytic anemia occurs due to the destruction of red blood cells, thrombocytopenia is a decrease in platelet count leading to bleeding disorders, and granulocytopenia is a reduction in granulocyte count affecting immunity. Therefore, all of the above choices (A, B, and C) are correct as resorptive sulfonamides can lead to hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and granulocytopenia. These adverse effects are well-documented in literature and clinical practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Levamisole. Levamisole blocks acetylcholine transmission at the myoneural junction of helminthes by inhibiting cholinesterase enzyme. This leads to paralysis and expulsion of the parasites from the host. Mebendazole (B) works by inhibiting microtubule synthesis in helminthes. Piperazine (C) causes paralysis by hyperpolarizing the helminth's muscle cells. Niclosamide (D) disrupts the helminth's energy metabolism. Therefore, Levamisole is the correct choice for blocking acetylcholine transmission specifically.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cisplatin. Cisplatin is an anticancer drug belonging to inorganic metal complexes. It contains the metal platinum, which forms coordination complexes that interfere with DNA repair mechanisms in cancer cells, leading to cell death. Dacarbazine (A) is an organic compound, not an inorganic metal complex. Methotrexate (C) is a folate antagonist and Vincristine (D) is a vinca alkaloid, both are organic compounds unrelated to inorganic metal complexes. Thus, B is the correct choice for an anticancer drug belonging to inorganic metal complexes.