ATI RN
Pediatric Respiratory Distress Nursing Interventions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Shingles are caused by which virus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this case, the correct answer is A) Varicella zoster virus. This virus is responsible for causing both chickenpox and shingles. Understanding this is crucial for pediatric nurses managing respiratory distress cases, as complications like pneumonia can arise from varicella zoster virus infection. Option B) Parvovirus is incorrect as it is known to cause diseases like fifth disease, not shingles. Option C) Cytomegalovirus is associated with congenital infections and typically affects immunocompromised individuals, not shingles. Option D) Coxsackie virus is linked to hand, foot, and mouth disease, not shingles. Educationally, knowing the specific virus causing shingles is important for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Pediatric nurses need to be well-versed in viral infections to provide effective care to their patients, especially when dealing with respiratory distress where underlying infections can exacerbate symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
Which is the most common congenital anomaly associated with Down Syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Heart malformation. Down Syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, is commonly associated with congenital heart defects. Nearly 50% of infants born with Down Syndrome have some form of heart malformation. These defects can range from atrial septal defects to ventricular septal defects and may require surgical intervention. Option A) Pernicious anemia is not a congenital anomaly commonly associated with Down Syndrome. Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune condition where the body lacks intrinsic factor needed for vitamin B12 absorption. Option B) Pyloric stenosis is a condition where the opening between the stomach and small intestine becomes narrow, leading to feeding difficulties in infants. It is not typically associated with Down Syndrome. Option D) Hip dysplasia is a condition where the hip joint does not form properly, leading to instability and potential dislocation. While hip dysplasia can occur in infants, it is not the most common congenital anomaly associated with Down Syndrome. In a pediatric nursing context, understanding the common congenital anomalies associated with Down Syndrome is crucial for early identification, intervention, and management. Nurses caring for children with Down Syndrome should be knowledgeable about the increased risk of heart malformations in this population to provide appropriate monitoring and support.
Question 3 of 5
A parent of a child with asthma asks the nurse about using a peak flow meter. The nurse explains that this device measures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Peak expiratory flow. A peak flow meter is a device used to measure peak expiratory flow rate, which is the maximum speed at which a person can exhale air from their lungs. This measurement is crucial in monitoring asthma as it helps to assess how well the lungs are functioning and how effectively asthma is being controlled. By regularly monitoring peak expiratory flow, parents and healthcare providers can make informed decisions about asthma management and adjust treatment plans as needed. Option A) Blood oxygen levels is incorrect because a peak flow meter does not measure oxygen levels in the blood. Option B) Lung volume is also incorrect as the peak flow meter specifically measures the rate of airflow during exhalation rather than lung volume. Option D) Vital signs is incorrect because although respiratory rate is a vital sign, a peak flow meter is not used to measure vital signs but rather to assess lung function in asthma. Educationally, it is important for nurses and healthcare providers to educate parents of children with asthma about the importance of using a peak flow meter for home monitoring. Teaching parents how to properly use the device and interpret the results can empower them to take an active role in managing their child's asthma and intervening early if there are signs of worsening respiratory distress.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child with a history of eczema. The nurse should recognize that which of the following is a common trigger for eczema flare-ups?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Cold, dry air. Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that often flares up in response to environmental triggers. Cold, dry air can lead to skin dryness and irritation, exacerbating eczema symptoms. This trigger is particularly common in the winter months when humidity levels drop and indoor heating systems further deplete moisture in the air. Option A) Stress can exacerbate eczema symptoms in some individuals, but it is not as universally common as exposure to cold, dry air. Option C) Increased physical activity, while it may lead to sweating and potential skin irritation, is not a direct trigger for eczema flare-ups unless the activity involves exposure to other triggers like allergens or irritants. Option D) Consuming dairy products can be a trigger for some individuals with eczema, especially if they have a dairy allergy or sensitivity. However, it is not as universally common as exposure to cold, dry air, which affects a broader population of individuals with eczema. In an educational context, understanding common triggers for eczema flare-ups is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with this condition. By recognizing environmental factors like cold, dry air as triggers, nurses can educate families on strategies to manage and prevent flare-ups, such as using humidifiers, applying moisturizers regularly, and dressing children in breathable fabrics. This knowledge empowers nurses to provide holistic care and support to children with eczema and their families.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is receiving chemotherapy for leukemia. The child develops a temperature of 100.4°F (38°C). What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Notify the healthcare provider immediately. When caring for a child undergoing chemotherapy, any fever, even a low-grade one like 100.4°F, is considered a serious concern due to the child's compromised immune system. The nurse should notify the healthcare provider promptly because fevers in children with cancer can indicate an underlying infection that requires urgent evaluation and treatment. Administering acetaminophen (option A) should not be the first action without consulting the healthcare provider, as it may mask the fever and delay the diagnosis and treatment of a potential infection. Assessing for signs of infection (option C) is important but should not delay contacting the healthcare provider, as prompt intervention is crucial in this high-risk population. Increasing fluid intake (option D) is generally beneficial but is not the priority in this case. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of prompt communication with the healthcare team when caring for pediatric oncology patients. It emphasizes the need for nurses to recognize the potential complications of fever in immunocompromised children and take immediate action to ensure timely and appropriate management.