ATI RN
Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Severe and extensive hemolysis causes which of the ff?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Severe and extensive hemolysis can lead to the destruction of a large number of red blood cells, causing a significant release of hemoglobin into the bloodstream. This excessive release of hemoglobin can overwhelm the body's ability to clear it, leading to the accumulation of toxic byproducts such as free hemoglobin and heme. These byproducts can lead to various complications, one of which is the potential for causing shock. Shock is a life-threatening condition characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery to vital organs due to a systemic vascular response to the circulating toxins and byproducts of hemolysis. It is a severe consequence of extensive hemolysis and requires immediate medical intervention to stabilize the patient.
Question 2 of 5
Which screening test for colorectal cancer should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should recommend a proctosigmoidoscopy for colorectal cancer screening in individuals over the age of 50. This procedure allows for the visualization of the lower part of the colon and rectum, which are common sites for precancerous and cancerous lesions to develop. Proctosigmoidoscopy can help identify abnormalities early on, allowing for prompt intervention and treatment. This screening method helps in detecting colorectal cancer or pre-cancerous polyps at an early stage when they are more easily treatable. Regular screening is essential for early detection and prevention of colorectal cancer. Other screening tests such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) test, annual digital examination, and barium enema are not recommended as primary screening methods for colorectal cancer.
Question 3 of 5
A client is in isolation after receiving an internal radioactive implant to treat cancer. Two hours later, the nurse discovers the implant in the bed linens. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should first pick up the internal radioactive implant with long-handled forceps and place it in a lead-lined container. This action ensures the safety of the nurse and prevents further exposure to radiation. Handling the implant with forceps helps minimize direct contact, and placing it in a lead-lined container containing the radiation will effectively shield any further exposure. Once the implant is secured, proper authorities should be notified to take further action and ensure the client's safety.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse administers chemotherapeutic drugs to a client with cancer. What adverse effects are most common?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea and vomiting are common adverse effects experienced by clients undergoing chemotherapy. Chemotherapeutic drugs can irritate the lining of the digestive system, leading to these symptoms. Nausea and vomiting can significantly impact a client's quality of life and may also affect their ability to continue with treatment. Healthcare providers often prescribe anti-nausea medications to help manage these side effects and improve the client's comfort during chemotherapy treatment. It is essential for nurses to assess, monitor, and address nausea and vomiting promptly to provide optimal care for clients undergoing chemotherapy.
Question 5 of 5
To treat cervical cancer, a client has had an applicator of radioactive material placed in the vagina. Which observation by the nurse indicates a radiation hazard?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping the head of the bed at a 30-degree angle can dislodge the applicator of radioactive material placed in the vagina. When caring for a client with a radioactive applicator, it is important to ensure that the position of the applicator is maintained to prevent radiation exposure to staff and other clients. This can be achieved by keeping the head of the bed flat without elevation. The other options are appropriate measures in caring for a client with a radioactive applicator.