Several types of seizures can occur in the newborn. Which is characteristic of clonic seizures?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Clonic seizures are characterized by rhythmic jerking movements, which can be brief and repetitive. These movements are typically observed in the arms and legs. During clonic seizures, the baby may display a pattern of contractions and relaxation of muscle groups, resulting in the jerking motion. This distinguishes clonic seizures from other types of seizures, making it the characteristic feature associated with this particular seizure type in newborns.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Upper arm circumference has been found to correlate best with measurements of the body's total protein stores. This anthropometric measurement is often used as an indicator of nutritional status, particularly protein reserves such as muscle mass. Skinfold thickness can provide information about body fat levels, while height and weight may not specifically indicate protein stores as accurately as upper arm circumference.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The HOTV chart is the most appropriate vision acuity test for a child who is in preschool. The HOTV chart is specifically designed for young children who may not yet know their letters. It uses simple shapes (H, O, T, V) instead of letters for visual acuity testing, making it more suitable and engaging for preschool-aged children. This chart allows for an accurate assessment of a child's visual acuity even before they are able to recognize letters, ensuring early detection of any vision problems that may affect their learning and development. The other options, such as the Cover test, Ishihara test, and Snellen letter chart, are more commonly used for older children and adults.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The statement that best describes the infant's physical development that a nurse should expect to find is that birth weight doubles by age 5 months and triples by age 1 year. This characteristic growth pattern is typical in the first year of life. Infants usually regain their birth weight by around 2 weeks of age, double it by about 5 months, and triple it by 1 year. This steady growth reflects the healthy development of the infant and is an important marker of overall well-being and nutrition. It is a key aspect that healthcare providers, including nurses, monitor closely to ensure the infant is thriving.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The earliest age at which an infant typically begins teething with the eruption of their lower central incisors is around 6 months old. Teething typically starts around this age, but it can vary from one infant to another. It is important to note that while 6 months is a common age for teething to begin, some infants may start teething a little earlier or later. It's essential for parents to monitor their baby's development and seek guidance from healthcare professionals if needed.