Select the single most accurate statement about the absorptive area of the human intestine?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the presence of folds, villi, and microvilli on the surface of enterocytes significantly increases the absorptive area of the intestine. The folds increase the surface area, villi further increase the surface area, and microvilli further amplify the absorptive surface. This intricate structure allows for efficient absorption of nutrients. Option A is incorrect as the absorptive area is not equivalent to a tennis court. Option B is incorrect because not all options are correct. Option C is incorrect because changes in motility can affect nutrient absorption but do not directly relate to the absorptive area of the intestine like the structural features mentioned in option D.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because SNPs are actually a common source of genetic polymorphisms, occurring frequently in the human genome. SNPs are variations in a single nucleotide base and are estimated to occur once every 300 nucleotides. Choice A is incorrect because of this high frequency. Choice C is also incorrect as certain SNPs can indeed impact gene expression and health outcomes. Choice D is incorrect because B is not true, making the statement false. In summary, B is the correct answer as SNPs are not rare but rather common genetic variations in humans.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because LPN/LVNs can assist in planning bathing, turning, and ambulation for a morbidly obese client. This is crucial in preventing complications such as pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis, and respiratory issues. LPN/LVNs can provide physical support and guidance to ensure the client's safety and comfort during these activities. Choice A is incorrect because obtaining oversized equipment is not the primary role of LPN/LVNs. Choice B is also incorrect as setting up a reinforced trapeze bar is more of a facility management task. Choice D is incorrect as designing alternatives for routine tasks is not within the scope of practice for LPN/LVNs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Checking the tube placement and gastric residual prior to feedings. This is crucial to ensure proper placement of the tube and to assess if there is any undigested food in the stomach, which can lead to vomiting if fed through the tube. By checking these factors before administering feedings, the nurse can prevent complications. A: Consulting the physician and dietitian is important but does not directly prevent improper infusion or vomiting. B: Administering feedings at room temperature is a good practice but does not directly prevent vomiting. C: Changing the tube feeding container and tubing may be necessary for hygiene but does not directly prevent improper infusion or vomiting. In summary, checking the tube placement and gastric residual is essential in preventing vomiting and ensuring proper feeding, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rapid breathing and pulse rate. In acute pancreatitis, inflammation of the pancreas can lead to systemic complications, including respiratory distress and tachycardia. This occurs due to the release of inflammatory mediators affecting the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Increased thirst and urination (Choice A) are more indicative of diabetes or renal issues. Hypertension and nausea (Choice B) are not typical symptoms of acute pancreatitis. Frothy, foul-smelling stools (Choice D) are more likely linked to malabsorption disorders rather than acute pancreatitis. Rapid breathing and pulse rate are key signs that indicate the severity of the condition and the need for prompt intervention.