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Drugs Affecting the Female Reproductive System Quizlet Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Select the drug which tends to reverse insulin resistance by increasing cellular glucose transporters:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rosiglitazone. Rosiglitazone is a thiazolidinedione that works by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), which then increases the expression of glucose transporters on the cell membrane. This leads to improved cellular glucose uptake and utilization, thus reversing insulin resistance. Rationale: A. Glibenclamide is a sulfonylurea that stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas but does not directly affect cellular glucose transporters. C. Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that delays carbohydrate digestion but does not increase cellular glucose transporters. D. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that can worsen insulin resistance by increasing blood glucose levels through various mechanisms.
Question 2 of 5
Dexamethasone differs from prednisolone in that it is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Dexamethasone is a long-acting glucocorticoid, providing sustained anti-inflammatory effects. Step 2: It is more potent than prednisolone, requiring lower doses for similar effects. Step 3: Dexamethasone is more selective, with higher affinity for glucocorticoid receptors. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is D, as it accurately describes the differences between dexamethasone and prednisolone. Summary: Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because dexamethasone possesses all these characteristics, making it a more effective glucocorticoid compared to prednisolone.
Question 3 of 5
For limiting cerebral edema due to brain tumour, the preferred corticosteroids are betamethasone/dexamethasone because:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Corticosteroids like betamethasone/dexamethasone are preferred for cerebral edema as they do not cause Na+ and water retention. 2. This is crucial in managing cerebral edema as fluid retention can worsen the condition. 3. Other choices are incorrect: B is not relevant to edema treatment, C is a common route for corticosteroid administration, and D is not the mechanism of action for corticosteroids in this case.
Question 4 of 5
The following measure can minimise pituitary-adrenal suppression during long-term corticosteroid therapy:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Division of the daily dose in three equal 8-hourly doses. Dividing the daily dose helps maintain more stable blood levels of corticosteroids, reducing the risk of pituitary-adrenal suppression. By spreading the dose evenly throughout the day, the body is less likely to experience sudden peaks and troughs in cortisol levels. This approach mimics the body's natural cortisol production pattern, promoting a more balanced hormonal environment. Explanation for other choices: A: Using betamethasone instead of prednisolone does not address the issue of minimizing pituitary-adrenal suppression. B: Using prednisolone on alternate days may lead to fluctuating cortisol levels, which can contribute to pituitary-adrenal suppression. D: Administering the total daily dose at bedtime does not provide the consistent cortisol levels needed to minimize pituitary-adrenal suppression.
Question 5 of 5
The following androgen does not produce cholestatic jaundice as an adverse effect:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stanozolol. Stanozolol is a synthetic derivative of dihydrotestosterone that is not associated with cholestatic jaundice due to its unique chemical structure. Testosterone propionate, Methyl testosterone, and Fluoxymesterone are all known to be associated with cholestatic jaundice. Testosterone propionate and Methyl testosterone are androgens that can cause liver dysfunction leading to cholestatic jaundice, while Fluoxymesterone is a 17-alpha-alkylated androgen that has been linked to liver toxicity and cholestatic jaundice. Stanozolol, on the other hand, is not metabolized by the liver in the same way as the other androgens, which reduces its potential for causing cholestatic jaundice.