Select the best desired outcome for a patient who uses valerian. The patient will report

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: undisturbed sleep throughout the night. Valerian is commonly used as an herbal remedy for insomnia and sleep disorders. The desired outcome for a patient using valerian is to achieve improved sleep quality, characterized by uninterrupted and restful sleep throughout the night. This is because valerian has sedative properties that help promote relaxation and induce sleep. Option A is not specific to the intended use of valerian, which is primarily for sleep-related issues. Option C is not directly related to the primary purpose of valerian. Option D, early morning waking without an alarm clock, does not necessarily indicate improved sleep quality and may not be a realistic expectation for all patients. Therefore, option B is the best desired outcome for a patient using valerian to address sleep disturbances.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I'm fat and ugly." Rationale: 1. This response indicates a distorted body image commonly seen in individuals with anorexia nervosa. 2. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by a fear of gaining weight and a preoccupation with body image. 3. The statement reflects a negative perception of oneself in terms of weight and appearance, which aligns with the psychological aspect of anorexia nervosa. 4. Other choices do not exhibit the same level of dissatisfaction with body weight and appearance as seen in anorexia nervosa.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because involving the patient in decision making increases their sense of control and promotes adherence to treatment. By establishing a contract with the patient for a specified weekly weight gain, the patient feels empowered and motivated to actively participate in their recovery process. This sense of control can help the patient overcome resistance to weight gain and improve compliance with treatment recommendations. Explanation for other choices: A: While collecting objective and subjective data is important in managing anorexia nervosa, it does not directly address the rationale for establishing a contract with the patient. C: Consent is indeed essential for treatment, but this choice does not address the importance of patient involvement in decision making for promoting adherence to treatment. D: While a team approach to treatment planning is crucial, it does not specifically explain the rationale for establishing a contract with the patient for weight gain.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Trust vs. mistrust. In Erikson's theory, this stage occurs in infancy, where the primary conflict is between developing trust in others and experiencing mistrust. Mr. J.'s belief that he is being poisoned reflects a deep sense of mistrust, which aligns with the characteristics of this developmental stage. It indicates a lack of trust in his environment and possibly in his own perceptions. Choices A, B, and D do not directly address the core issue of trust and mistrust in early development, making them incorrect for this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Learning to delay gratification. In this stage, individuals develop impulse control and learn to consider consequences before acting. Larry's lack of guilt and disregard for others' rights indicate a failure to delay gratification, acting impulsively without regard for consequences. A: Learning to count on others focuses on developing trust in relationships, not relevant to Larry's situation. C: Identifying oneself involves establishing a sense of self and personal identity, not directly related to Larry's behavior. D: Developing skills in participation involves social interaction and cooperation, not addressing Larry's impulsivity and lack of guilt.