Select the anticholinesterase drug that is being used to afford symptomatic improvement in Alzheimer's disease

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tacrine was one of the first acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used to treat Alzheimer's disease.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Meperidine is a commonly used opioid analgesic that is often used in detoxification programs due to its ability to help manage withdrawal symptoms. In this case, the patient was undergoing a detoxification program supervised by surgery, and a drug was administered intravenously. Meperidine is a likely choice as it can help alleviate withdrawal symptoms and manage pain during the detoxification process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) of an inhalational anesthetic is defined as the alveolar concentration at which 50% of patients do not move in response to a surgical stimulus. It is related to the blood/gas partition coefficient of the anesthetic, which determines the rate at which the anesthetic enters and leaves the bloodstream, influencing its potency.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Chloral hydrate (choice D) is metabolized to trichloroethanol, which depresses the CNS, inducing sedation. Morphine (choice A) metabolizes to active compounds like morphine-6-glucuronide, not trichloroethanol. Clorazepate (choice B) becomes desmethyldiazepam, a benzodiazepine. Phenobarbitone (choice C) is a barbiturate, not metabolized to trichloroethanol. This identifies Chloral hydrate's metabolic pathway, key for its hypnotic use.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Carbamazepine (choice D), an anticonvulsant, treats trigeminal neuralgia by stabilizing sodium channels, reducing nerve firing. Phenylbutazone (choice A), an NSAID, and Morphine (choice B), an opioid, aren't first-line. Atropine (choice C), an anticholinergic, is irrelevant. Carbamazepine is the standard therapy.