ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Select all when taking Iron Supplements.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. It is recommended to take iron supplements one hour before or two hours after a meal because food can interfere with the absorption of iron. By taking it on an empty stomach or away from meals, the body can absorb the iron more effectively.
Question 2 of 5
Furosemide (Lasix) is prescribed for a patient who is about to be discharged, and the nurse provides instructions to the patient about the medication. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic that helps the body to remove excess salt and water, which can be useful in conditions like congestive heart failure, liver disease, or kidney disorders. The correct statement by the nurse is to "Be sure to change positions slowly and rise slowly after sitting or lying so as to prevent dizziness and possible fainting because of blood pressure changes." This instruction is important because diuretics like furosemide can cause changes in blood pressure, leading to dizziness and fainting when standing up quickly. By changing positions slowly, the patient can minimize the risk of experiencing these symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving an adrenergic blocking agent. While writing the care plan for this patient what nursing diagnoses would be most appropriate concerning comfort?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All four options would be appropriate nursing diagnoses for a patient receiving an adrenergic blocking agent. However, acute pain would be the only nursing diagnosis related to the patient’s comfort level. The nurse should address pain management as a priority to improve the patient’s quality of life and adherence to treatment.
Question 4 of 5
The mechanism of action of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), such as raloxifene (Evista), is to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SERMs (e.g., raloxifene) slow bone resorption-mimicking estrogen on osteoclasts, per pharmacology-not raising calcium, inhibiting microtubules (cancer drugs), or directly boosting mass (bisphosphonates). Resorption slowdown preserves bone, per action.
Question 5 of 5
A patient comes to the ER with a painful stab wound. The ER resident administers pentazocine for the pain. Soon after administration the patient experiences sweating, restlessness, and an increase in pain sensations. What is the most likely explanation for his symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pentazocine, a mixed opioid agonist-antagonist, acts as a kappa receptor agonist and a partial mu receptor agonist, providing analgesia in opioid-naive patients. However, in a heroin addict with high mu receptor tolerance, pentazocine's partial antagonism at mu receptors can displace full agonists like heroin, precipitating withdrawal symptoms—sweating, restlessness, and heightened pain perception. Tolerance to pentazocine itself wouldn't typically increase pain; it would reduce efficacy. Pentazocine is an effective analgesic in appropriate contexts, so ineffectiveness isn't the issue. Incorrect dosing might alter efficacy or toxicity but wouldn't specifically cause this withdrawal-like reaction. The patient's history of heroin use explains this response, as pentazocine's antagonist properties disrupt the opioid equilibrium, unmasking withdrawal in a dependent individual.