ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 2 Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
Sedatives and hypnotics are drugs which act as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sedatives and hypnotics are drugs that belong to the class of central nervous system depressants. These drugs work by slowing down the activity of the brain and the central nervous system, leading to a calming or sedative effect. They are commonly prescribed to induce sleep (hypnotics) or reduce anxiety (sedatives) by depressing the excitability of nerve cells. This property makes them effective in producing sedation, relaxation, and sleep in individuals. Therefore, the correct classification for sedatives and hypnotics is as depressants.
Question 2 of 5
A patient requires a high dose of a new antihypertensive medication because the new medication has a significant first-pass effect. What does this mean?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first-pass effect refers to the extensive metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches systemic circulation. This reduces the bioavailability of the drug, necessitating a higher dose to achieve therapeutic effects. The medication does not need to pass through the bloodstream multiple times (A), nor is it primarily excreted in the kidneys (B). The drug’s effectiveness is not related to cumulative dosing (D).
Question 3 of 5
During a blood transfusion, the patient begins to have chills and back pain. What is the nurse™s priority action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient is exhibiting signs of a transfusion reaction, specifically indicating the possibility of a febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction. Chills and back pain are common symptoms of this type of reaction. The nurse's priority action in this situation is to discontinue the blood transfusion immediately to prevent further complications and potential harm to the patient. It is crucial to notify the prescriber promptly so that appropriate interventions can be initiated. Observing for other symptoms and slowing the infusion rate are important actions but may not be the priority in this scenario where the patient is experiencing signs of a possible transfusion reaction. It is not appropriate to tell the patient that these symptoms are a normal reaction, as they indicate a potential complication that needs immediate attention.
Question 4 of 5
When giving digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient, the health care provider notices various
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can lead to serious complications, such as arrhythmias and heart failure. Digibind, also known as digoxin immune fab, is a specific antidote used to treat severe cases of digoxin toxicity. It works by binding to digoxin in the body and forming a complex that is then excreted through the kidneys, effectively reversing the toxic effects of digoxin. Naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose, Vitamin K is used to reverse warfarin overdose, and Fluemanzil is not a medication used for reversing digoxin toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
Sedatives and hypnotics are drugs which act as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sedatives and hypnotics are drugs that belong to the class of central nervous system depressants. These drugs work by slowing down the activity of the brain and the central nervous system, leading to a calming or sedative effect. They are commonly prescribed to induce sleep (hypnotics) or reduce anxiety (sedatives) by depressing the excitability of nerve cells. This property makes them effective in producing sedation, relaxation, and sleep in individuals. Therefore, the correct classification for sedatives and hypnotics is as depressants.