ATI RN
NCLEX Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
Secretion of the enzymatic component of pancreatic juice is stimulated by the hormone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, cholecystokinin. Cholecystokinin is released in response to the presence of fatty acids and amino acids in the duodenum, stimulating the secretion of the enzymatic component of pancreatic juice. Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (A) regulates insulin release, not pancreatic enzyme secretion. Secretin (B) stimulates bicarbonate secretion from the pancreas, not enzyme secretion. Gastrin (C) stimulates gastric acid secretion, not pancreatic enzyme secretion. Therefore, cholecystokinin is the correct hormone for stimulating the enzymatic component of pancreatic juice secretion.
Question 2 of 5
What is the role of bile salts in the mammalian digestive system?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bile salts emulsify fat, aiding in fat digestion. Bile salts are amphipathic molecules that break down large fat globules into smaller droplets, increasing the surface area for enzymes to act upon. This enhances fat digestion and absorption. Choice A is incorrect because pepsinogen conversion is not a function of bile salts. Choice C is incorrect as bile salts are essential for digestion. Choice D is incorrect as bile salts specifically target fats, not all macromolecules.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following substances secreted by the gastric mucosa of the stomach facilitate protein digestion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: gastric acid and pepsin. Gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) creates an acidic environment for pepsin, an enzyme that breaks down proteins. Bicarbonate and histamine do not directly facilitate protein digestion. Mucus protects the stomach lining. Gastric lipase aids in fat digestion, not protein digestion.
Question 4 of 5
During exercise, an increase in sympathetic nervous system activity leads to vasoconstriction in most vascular beds. This does not happen in the contracting (active) skeletal muscle, due to the effect of locally produced metabolites. What would be the consequence to the cardiovascular system if vasoconstriction did occur in the active muscle?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: there would be an increase in total peripheral resistance. When sympathetic activity causes vasoconstriction in most vascular beds but not in the active skeletal muscle, it allows for increased blood flow to the muscles during exercise. If vasoconstriction did occur in the active muscle, it would impede blood flow to the muscles, leading to an increase in resistance in the peripheral circulation. This would result in an increase in total peripheral resistance, making it harder for the heart to pump blood efficiently to meet the demands of the active muscles. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the physiological consequences of vasoconstriction in the active muscle during exercise.
Question 5 of 5
As nurse manager, you must select an employee to participate in a hospital committee that will develop client education brochures about common abdominal surgeries and wound care. Who would be the best employee to send to this committee?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.