ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Secretin from the duodenum causes the pancreas to produce secretions rich in _____.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Secretin is released by the duodenum in response to acidic chyme. It stimulates the pancreas to produce bicarbonate-rich secretions to neutralize the acidic chyme entering the small intestine. Bicarbonate helps maintain the optimal pH for pancreatic enzymes to function effectively. Proteolytic enzymes, amylase, and lipase are pancreatic enzymes but are not specifically influenced by secretin.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following hormones stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is the correct answer as it specifically stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder. It is released in response to the presence of fats and proteins in the duodenum, signaling the gallbladder to contract and release bile to aid in digestion. Insulin is involved in regulating blood sugar levels, while gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion. Secretin stimulates the release of bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice to neutralize stomach acid, not bile secretion. Therefore, CCK is the most appropriate choice in this context.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticular disease. When palpating the client's abdomen, in which of the following locations should the nurse expect the client to report abdominal pain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lower left quadrant. This is because diverticular disease commonly affects the sigmoid colon, which is located in the lower left quadrant of the abdomen. Pain in this area is a hallmark symptom of diverticular disease. The other choices (B, C, D) are incorrect because diverticular disease typically causes pain in the lower left quadrant due to inflammation and infection of the diverticula in that area. Upper quadrants are less likely to be affected by diverticular disease.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a peptic ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: History of NSAID use. NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of developing peptic ulcers. Bulimia (choice A) can lead to other gastrointestinal issues but is not a direct risk factor for peptic ulcers. Drinking green tea (choice C) is actually associated with potential protective effects against peptic ulcers due to its antioxidant properties. Having a glass of wine daily (choice D) is not a known risk factor for peptic ulcers.
Question 5 of 5
Patients with esophageal varices would reveal the following assessment:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased heart rate. Esophageal varices are dilated blood vessels in the esophagus, commonly associated with liver cirrhosis. Due to increased pressure in the portal vein system, patients with esophageal varices may experience increased heart rate as a compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output. The other choices are incorrect because esophageal varices are not typically associated with increased blood pressure (A), decreased respiratory rate (C), or increased urinary output (D).