ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Secretin and cholecystokinin are secreted in
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, duodenum. Secretin and cholecystokinin are hormones secreted by the duodenal mucosa in response to the presence of acidic chyme from the stomach entering the duodenum. Secretin stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate to neutralize the acidic chyme, while cholecystokinin stimulates the gallbladder to release bile to aid in digestion. Choices A (pyloric region), B (Ileum), and D (Oesophagus) are incorrect because secretin and cholecystokinin are not secreted in these regions of the gastrointestinal tract.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has an obstruction of the common bile duct resulting from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fatty stools. Common bile duct obstruction leads to inadequate bile flow into the intestines, resulting in malabsorption of fats. This causes fatty stools due to the presence of undigested fats. Straw-colored urine (B) is a normal finding. Tenderness in the left upper abdomen (C) is more indicative of splenic issues. Ecchymosis of the extremities (D) is unrelated to common bile duct obstruction.
Question 3 of 5
The muscular contractions, which move material through the digestive tract, are called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: peristalsis. Peristalsis refers to the wave-like muscular contractions that propel food through the digestive tract. First, circular muscles contract behind the food bolus creating a narrowing, then longitudinal muscles contract ahead of the bolus, pushing it forward. This coordinated movement helps move food along the digestive tract efficiently. Deglutition (B) refers to the act of swallowing, not the movement of food through the digestive tract. Mass movements (C) refer to large, powerful contractions that occur in the colon to move feces. Segmental contractions (D) are localized contractions that mix and churn food in the intestines, not the primary mechanism for moving food along the digestive tract.
Question 4 of 5
The coronary ligament attaches the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the coronary ligament attaches the liver to the diaphragm. This ligament forms part of the peritoneal ligaments that secure the liver to the diaphragm, supporting its position in the abdominal cavity. The other choices are incorrect because: B) The liver is attached to the anterior abdominal wall by the falciform ligament, not the coronary ligament. C) The colon is attached to the posterior body wall by the mesocolon, not the coronary ligament. D) The lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal end of the duodenum are attached to the liver and diaphragm by the lesser omentum, not the coronary ligament.
Question 5 of 5
If you suck on a plain piece of bread, it will begin to taste sweet after a few moments. Saliva contains the digestive enzyme ______ which breaks down starch into ______.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: amylase, maltose. Amylase is the digestive enzyme present in saliva that breaks down starch into maltose. When you suck on bread, the amylase in saliva starts breaking down the starch molecules into maltose, which is a sugar that tastes sweet. Option A is incorrect because amylase breaks down starch into maltose, not glucose. Option B is incorrect because pepsin is a stomach enzyme that breaks down proteins, not starch. Option D is incorrect because maltase is an enzyme in the small intestine that breaks down maltose into glucose, not the enzyme present in saliva.