Schemata, automatic thoughts, and cognitive distortions are terms that relate to:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: cognitive-behavioral therapy. Schemata, automatic thoughts, and cognitive distortions are key concepts in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT focuses on identifying and challenging maladaptive thoughts and beliefs to change behaviors and emotions. Schemata are core beliefs about oneself and the world, automatic thoughts are quick, unconscious thoughts that influence emotions, and cognitive distortions are irrational thought patterns. These concepts are central to the cognitive restructuring process in CBT. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically address the cognitive processes and techniques used in CBT. Rational-emotive behavioral therapy (Choice A) focuses on identifying and challenging irrational beliefs, but it does not emphasize cognitive restructuring to the same extent as CBT. Operant conditioning theory (Choice C) focuses on behavior modification through reinforcement and punishment, while biofeedback (Choice D) is a technique used to help individuals learn to control physiological processes through feedback.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because in the problem-oriented charting system (SOAPIE), documentation is not listed in chronological order. This is a disadvantage because it can make it difficult to track the progression of the patient's care over time. In SOAPIE, information is organized based on the patient's problems, which may not align with the timeline of events. A: Incorrect. The problem-oriented charting system does not necessarily affect the support for a universal organizational system. B: Incorrect. Including subjective information is not inherently a disadvantage of the SOAPIE system. D: Incorrect. The nursing process can still be followed using the problem-oriented charting system, although it may not be as structured as other formats.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary. The sister is considered a secondary information source because she is not the patient themselves. Secondary sources provide information based on knowledge of the primary source (the patient). Primary sources are the patients themselves. Private (C) refers to confidentiality, not the source of information. Informed (D) does not specify the relationship to the patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it reflects active listening and empathy. By acknowledging the patient's conflicting verbal and nonverbal cues, the response shows understanding and encourages further exploration of the patient's feelings. Choice A minimizes the patient's emotions, choice C may come off as confrontational, and choice D makes assumptions without seeking clarification. Overall, choice B promotes a therapeutic relationship by addressing the discrepancy between the patient's words and body language.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Environmental. Keeping the door open during the assessment is an environmental communication factor because it influences the physical setting where communication takes place. This action ensures transparency and promotes a sense of safety and trust between the nurse and the client. It allows for privacy while still maintaining visibility and accessibility, facilitating effective communication. Summary: - A: Environmental (Correct): Keeping the door open influences the physical setting, promoting transparency and trust. - B: Relationship: This choice refers to the connection between the nurse and the client, not the physical environment. - C: Personal: This refers to individual characteristics or preferences, not the physical environment. - D: Message: This refers to the content of the communication, not the physical setting.