Sara Thomas is scheduled for liposuction surgery to reduce her weight. Based on urgency, how is this surgery classified?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of basic nursing care needs of the patient, the correct classification for Sara Thomas's scheduled liposuction surgery to reduce weight is "elective" (Option B). An elective surgery is a planned procedure that is beneficial for the patient's health but can be scheduled in advance without posing an immediate threat to the patient's life. The other options can be explained as follows: - Urgent (Option A): Urgent surgeries are necessary for the patient's health but do not require immediate intervention. They are typically scheduled within a short timeframe, but they are not considered emergencies. - Emergency (Option C): Emergency surgeries are critical, life-saving procedures that must be performed immediately to prevent serious harm or death to the patient. Liposuction for weight reduction is not considered an emergency procedure. - Emergent (Option D): Emergent surgeries are similar to emergency surgeries in that they are urgent and must be performed promptly to prevent harm to the patient. However, they may allow for slightly more time for preparation compared to true emergencies. In an educational context, understanding the classification of surgeries is crucial for healthcare providers to prioritize and plan patient care effectively. Nurses must be able to differentiate between elective, urgent, emergency, and emergent surgeries to assist in providing safe and efficient care to patients undergoing various procedures. This knowledge helps in managing resources, scheduling, and communicating effectively with patients and their families regarding the timing and nature of surgical interventions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "No, douching removes normal bacteria," is the correct choice. Douching disrupts the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, leading to the removal of both harmful and beneficial bacteria. This can increase the risk of infections, including bacterial vaginosis and yeast infections. Option A, "Yes, this helps prevent vaginal odor," is incorrect because douching can actually disrupt the natural vaginal flora, leading to an imbalance that may increase odor and the risk of infections. Option B, "Yes, this decreases vaginal secretions," is incorrect because douching does not have a significant impact on vaginal secretions. In fact, it can disturb the normal moisture levels in the vagina, leading to dryness or increased secretions as a result of the body's attempt to rebalance itself. Option D, "No, douching may increase secretions," is incorrect as douching is more likely to disrupt the natural balance of vaginal secretions rather than decrease or increase them in a healthy manner. From an educational perspective, it is important for nurses to understand the potential risks associated with douching and to educate patients on maintaining vaginal health through proper hygiene practices that support the body's natural processes. Providing evidence-based information empowers patients to make informed decisions regarding their health and well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a patient on prolonged bedrest with high levels of urinary calcium, the correct risk posed is option B) renal calculi (kidney stones). This occurs because when calcium levels in the urine are elevated, there is an increased likelihood of calcium crystals forming in the kidneys, leading to the development of kidney stones. Option A) urinary calcium is not a concern is incorrect because elevated urinary calcium levels can indeed lead to complications like kidney stones. Option C) increased urinary output is not directly related to high urinary calcium levels. Option D) imbalanced intake/output is a general statement and does not specifically address the risk associated with high urinary calcium levels. Educationally, understanding the implications of high urinary calcium levels in patients on prolonged bedrest is crucial for nurses providing care. This knowledge helps in early identification of potential complications like kidney stones, allowing for timely interventions and preventive measures to be implemented, thus improving patient outcomes and quality of care. It also emphasizes the importance of monitoring laboratory results and understanding the significance of each parameter in patient care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Social Isolation. In this scenario, the constant dribbling of urine experienced by the older adult woman can lead to physical discomfort, unpleasant odor, and embarrassment. These factors can contribute to her withdrawing from social interactions and activities due to fear of judgment or embarrassment related to her urinary incontinence. Social isolation is a common consequence of such conditions, where individuals may avoid social situations to prevent potential humiliation or discomfort. Option B) Impaired Adjustment is less relevant in this case as it typically relates to difficulty in adapting to life changes or stressors, which may not be the primary concern here. Option C) Defensive Coping involves unconscious strategies to protect oneself from psychological harm. While this may play a role in how the woman copes with her condition, it is not directly related to the social consequences of urinary incontinence. Option D) Impaired Memory is not the most appropriate diagnosis for this situation as there is no direct link between memory impairment and the symptoms described. From an educational perspective, understanding the impact of urinary incontinence on an individual's social and emotional well-being is crucial for nurses. By recognizing the potential for social isolation in patients experiencing urinary incontinence, nurses can implement appropriate interventions to address not only the physical symptoms but also the psychosocial implications of the condition. This case highlights the importance of holistic nursing care that considers the emotional and social needs of patients alongside their physical symptoms.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) it disturbs normal peristalsis and bowel motility. Rationale: Palpating the abdomen last during an abdominal assessment is crucial because palpation can disrupt normal peristalsis (the wave-like movements of the intestines) and bowel motility. By palpating the abdomen last, the nurse allows the other assessment techniques (inspection, auscultation, and percussion) to be performed without disturbing the natural bowel sounds and movements. This ensures a more accurate assessment of the patient's abdominal condition. Option A) it is the most painful assessment method and Option B) it is the most embarrassing assessment method are incorrect because the rationale for palpating the abdomen last is not related to pain or embarrassment. It is primarily about ensuring an accurate assessment. Option C) to allow time for the examiner's hands to warm is incorrect because while it is important for the examiner's hands to be warm to provide comfort to the patient, this is not the primary reason for palpating the abdomen last. Educational context: Understanding the rationale for the sequence of abdominal assessment techniques is essential for nursing students and healthcare professionals to conduct thorough and accurate assessments. By following the proper sequence, nurses can gather comprehensive information about the patient's abdominal health while minimizing any disruptions to normal physiological processes.