Risk management involves the selection and implementation of a strategy to reduce risks. It can take many forms—for example, the "four Rs for reducing environmental pollution,". The four Rs are:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reduce, reuse, recycle, recover. 1. Reduce: Minimizing the generation of waste or pollution at the source is the most effective way to manage risks. 2. Reuse: Extending the life of products by using them multiple times reduces the need for new production, further reducing risks. 3. Recycle: Processing waste materials into new products helps reduce the environmental impact of resource extraction and manufacturing. 4. Recover: Extracting useful materials or energy from waste that cannot be reduced, reused, or recycled is a final step in managing risks. Summary: A: Incorrect. "Reproduce" and "redeliver" are not part of the typical risk management strategies related to environmental pollution. C: Incorrect. "Review" is not an action for reducing risks, and the order of actions is different from the standard reduce, reuse, recycle, recover approach. D: Incorrect. "Report" is not a direct action for reducing risks related to

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The purpose of disaster planning is to manage the response to disasters. This involves preparing and organizing resources, systems, and procedures to effectively respond to and recover from disasters. It does not aim to decrease global instability (choice A), disrupt community functioning (choice B), or prevent disasters (choice D). Disaster planning focuses on minimizing the impact of disasters through efficient coordination and preparedness, making choice C the correct answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because meeting with several groups about community recreation issues involves actively engaging with multiple disciplines to address a common health-related goal. This scenario demonstrates interprofessional collaboration by working with different professionals to promote community health. Choice B is incorrect as attending meetings at various health agencies may not necessarily involve collaboration with multiple disciplines. Choice C is incorrect as talking to several individuals about their health concerns does not necessarily involve interprofessional collaboration. Choice D is incorrect as watching television, even if it includes coverage of a city council meeting, does not involve active participation or collaboration with other professionals.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Questioning sexual orientation and history of depression are significant risk factors for suicide in adolescents. This indicates internal struggles and emotional distress. Choice A is incorrect as age alone is not a direct indicator of suicide risk. Choice C, threatening harm to peers, is concerning but does not directly relate to self-harm. Choice D, a history of torturing animals, is a sign of conduct disorder but not always indicative of suicidal ideation. In summary, questioning sexual orientation and history of depression are strong indicators of potential suicide risk in adolescents.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it directly assesses the impact of the program on reducing teen injury and death related to drunk driving. By comparing statistics before and after the program, we can determine its effectiveness. A: This question focuses on participant satisfaction, not the program's impact on reducing teen injury and death related to drunk driving. C: This question focuses on the amount of alcohol intake by teens, not the program's impact on reducing teen injury and death related to drunk driving. D: This question focuses on program implementation issues, not the program's impact on reducing teen injury and death related to drunk driving.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the main achievement of the Community Health Nurses Association of Canada (CHNAC) was the development of national standards of practice. This achievement is significant as it ensures consistency and quality in the practice of community health nursing across Canada. Choice A is incorrect because the inclusion of LPNs alongside RNs is not the main achievement of CHNAC. Choice B is also incorrect as it simply encourages nurses who are not PHNs to join, which is not the primary accomplishment of the association. Choice D is incorrect as the development of a process to choose leaders and officers is not the main focus or achievement of CHNAC.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Harm reduction. Harm reduction focuses on minimizing the negative consequences of risky behaviors rather than trying to eliminate them completely. It recognizes that certain behaviors may be difficult to prevent entirely and aims to reduce harm associated with those behaviors. Health promotion (A) focuses on promoting overall health and well-being rather than specifically addressing harmful behaviors. Tertiary care (C) refers to specialized medical care for individuals with complex healthcare needs and is not directly related to modifying behaviors. Risk avoidance (D) involves completely avoiding risky behaviors rather than mitigating their potential harm.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Poverty. Poverty is a primary cause of vulnerability because it limits access to resources essential for well-being, such as healthcare, education, and housing. It can lead to food insecurity, inadequate living conditions, and lack of social support. This makes individuals more susceptible to various risks and challenges. Explanation for other choices: A: Breakdown of family structures - While family breakdown can contribute to vulnerability, it is not as universally prevalent or directly impactful as poverty in causing vulnerability. C: Prejudice - Prejudice can certainly exacerbate vulnerability by creating social barriers, but it is not the primary cause of vulnerability. D: Social isolation - Social isolation can increase vulnerability, but it is often a consequence of underlying factors such as poverty rather than the primary cause.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: A baccalaureate degree in nursing. This level of educational preparation is essential for public health nurses due to the increasing complexity of societal needs and rapid changes in public health. A baccalaureate degree provides a strong foundation in nursing theory, research, leadership, and public health principles. It equips nurses with critical thinking skills, evidence-based practice, and the ability to adapt to evolving healthcare environments. Training as a registered practical nurse (Choice A) may not offer the depth of knowledge and skills needed for public health practice. While training as a registered nurse (Choice B) provides a broader scope, a baccalaureate degree offers a more comprehensive education. A master of science degree in nursing (Choice D) may be valuable for advanced practice roles but is not the minimum requirement for public health nursing.