ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Respiratory tract infections are common manifestations of human adenoviruses (HAdV) infections in children and adults. All the following are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HAdV is identified in more than 5% of isolated pharyngitis cases.
Question 2 of 5
A newly delivered newborn baby admitted to the neonatal care unit with respiratoy distress; physical examination revealed clubfeet, characteristic compressed facies, low-set ears, and diminished chest wall size; abdominal ultrasound reveals bilateral renal agenesis; ultrasound during pregnancy show amniotic fluid index ≤ 2 cm. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of death in this condition is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bilateral renal agenesis (Potter syndrome) with oligohydramnios (AFI ≤ 2 cm) causes pulmonary hypoplasia, leading to respiratory failure (E) as the primary cause of death, not sepsis (A), asphyxia (B), heart failure (C), or renal insufficiency (D) directly.
Question 3 of 5
The major cause of neonatal mortality in fullterm infant is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Birth asphyxia (A) is the primary cause of neonatal mortality in term infants, reflecting delivery complications, unlike chronic lung disease (B), NEC (C), IVH (D), or RDS (E), which are more preterm-related.
Question 4 of 5
In the delivery room and after prolonged labor you received a newborn baby with central and peripheral cyanosis, heart rate 90/min, weak cry, arms and legs well flexed, and withdrawal motion. The Apgar score is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Apgar: cyanosis (color=0), HR 90 (heart rate=1), weak cry (respiration=1), flexed (tone=2), withdrawal (reflex=2) totals 6 (C), reflecting moderate distress.
Question 5 of 5
Late neonatal hypocalcemia (after 3 days of life) is often the result of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Late hypocalcemia (>3 days) often stems from high phosphate milk (E), binding calcium, common in formula-fed infants, unlike other causes (A, B, C, D) which are less frequent.